AI Article Synopsis
- Coenzyme Q (Q) is crucial for electron transport, but its biosynthesis and redox balance are not fully understood; only complex III (CIII) in eukaryotes oxidizes its reduced form, ubiquinol (QH).
- Research reveals that the electron-transfer flavoprotein dehydrogenase (ETFDH) is essential for CIII's function in skeletal muscle and forms a complex with CIII and the COQ2 regulator.
- This complex enhances the efficiency of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), prevents electron leaks and oxidative stress, and its absence in muscle-specific Etfdh mice leads to myopathy, highlighting ETFDH as a key component for mitochondrial health and a potential therapeutic target.
Article Abstract
Coenzyme Q (Q) is a key lipid electron transporter, but several aspects of its biosynthesis and redox homeostasis remain undefined. Various flavoproteins reduce ubiquinone (oxidized form of Q) to ubiquinol (QH); however, in eukaryotes, only oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) complex III (CIII) oxidizes QH to Q. The mechanism of action of CIII is still debated. Herein, we show that the Q reductase electron-transfer flavoprotein dehydrogenase (ETFDH) is essential for CIII activity in skeletal muscle. We identify a complex (comprising ETFDH, CIII and the Q-biosynthesis regulator COQ2) that directs electrons from lipid substrates to the respiratory chain, thereby reducing electron leaks and reactive oxygen species production. This metabolon maintains total Q levels, minimizes QH-reductive stress and improves OXPHOS efficiency. Muscle-specific Etfdh mice develop myopathy due to CIII dysfunction, indicating that ETFDH is a required OXPHOS component and a potential therapeutic target for mitochondrial redox medicine.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10896730 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s42255-023-00956-y | DOI Listing |
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