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Bladder preservation with concurrent chemoradiotherapy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer: Retrospective comparison of three regimens.
Bladder (San Franc)
September 2024
Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan.
Objectives: The objectives of the study are to evaluate the oncological and functional outcomes of three bladder preservation regimens: radiotherapy alone (RT-alone group), concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT) using gemcitabine plus platinum (GP-RT group), and low-dose gemcitabine (LD-Gem-RT group) for muscle-invasive bladder cancer.
Methods: The three oncological outcomes, bladder-intact distant metastasis-free survival (BI-DMFS), cancer-specific survival, and overall survival (OS), were compared among RT alone ( = 10), GP-RT ( = 16), and LD-Gem-RT ( = 11) groups. Treatment-related adverse events were evaluated against the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (version 5.
Dose-Response Relationships Between Radiation Exposure, Bone Marrow Function as Measured by F-Fluorothymidine Positron Emission Tomography, and Lymphocyte Counts During Chemoradiation for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.
Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys
September 2024
Department of Radiation Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Purpose: F-fluorothymidine (FLT) positron emission tomography (PET) enables sensitive imaging of bone marrow (BM) proliferation. Sequential FLT-PET/computed tomography scans before and during chemoradiation therapy (CRT) for non-small cell lung cancer were repurposed to investigate the dose-response effects of radiation on BM proliferation.
Methods And Materials: Twenty-six non-small cell lung cancer patients underwent platinum-based CRT to 60 Gy in 30 fractions with FLT-PET/computed tomography scans at baseline, week 2 (20 Gy), and week 4 (40 Gy).
Chrysin-functionalized gold nanoparticles and paclitaxel exhibit synergistic impact on lung cancer cell lines via regulating the AKT/PPAR-ϒ/β-catenin pathway.
Drug Dev Ind Pharm
September 2024
Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Division of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Natural Science Laboratory, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India.
Lung cancer has become progressively widespread, posing a challenge to traditional chemotherapeutic drugs such as platinum compounds and paclitaxel (PTX) owing to growing resistance. Along with that, the chemotherapeutic drugs infer major side effects. The usage of natural compounds as chemosensitizers to boost the efficacy of these chemotherapeutic drugs and minimizing their toxicity is a plausible approach.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRadiotherapy-triggered reduction of platinum-based chemotherapeutic prodrugs in tumours.
Nat Biomed Eng
November 2024
Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Radiochemistry and Radiation Chemistry Key Laboratory of Fundamental Science, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China.
Pt(II) drugs are a widely used chemotherapeutic, yet their side effects can be severe. Here we show that the radiation-induced reduction of Pt(IV) complexes to cytotoxic Pt(II) drugs is rapid, efficient and applicable in water, that it is mediated by hydrated electrons from water radiolysis and that the X-ray-induced release of Pt(II) drugs from an oxaliplatin prodrug in tumours inhibits their growth, as we show with nearly complete tumour regression in mice with subcutaneous human tumour xenografts. The combination of low-dose radiotherapy with a Pt(IV)-based antibody-trastuzumab conjugate led to the tumour-selective release of the chemotherapeutic in mice and to substantial therapeutic benefits.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFALINA: Another stepping stone toward a future of LDCT lung cancer screening in never-smokers?
Med
July 2024
University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Orange, CA 92868, USA; Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Orange, CA 92868, USA. Electronic address:
The ALINA trial demonstrated that 2 years of adjuvant alectinib achieved statistically significantly improved 2-year overall and central nervous system (CNS) disease-free survival over platinum-doublet chemotherapy in resected early-stage (IB ≥ 4 cm to IIIA) ALK+ non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Identifying early-stage ALK+ NSCLC patients (60% were never-smokers in the ALINA trial) may require low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) lung cancer screening in never-smokers.
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