AI Article Synopsis
- Over the past 40 years since the Clean Air Act, overall air pollution emissions have significantly decreased, but disparities in exposure still exist among different racial/ethnic and socioeconomic groups in the U.S.
- The study examines changes in emissions from various sources, including industry, energy, and transportation, and highlights that these changes are influenced by county demographics using advanced statistical models.
- Findings reveal that counties with higher median family incomes tend to experience greater reductions in emissions across several pollution sources compared to poorer counties, indicating that socioeconomic status plays a critical role in air quality improvements.
Article Abstract
Over the last decades, air pollution emissions have decreased substantially; however, inequities in air pollution persist. We evaluate county-level racial/ethnic and socioeconomic disparities in emissions changes from six air pollution source sectors (industry [SO], energy [SO, NO], agriculture [NH], commercial [NO], residential [particulate organic carbon], and on-road transportation [NO]) in the contiguous United States during the 40 years following the Clean Air Act (CAA) enactment (1970-2010). We calculate relative emission changes and examine the differential changes given county demographics using hierarchical nested models. The results show racial/ethnic disparities, particularly in the industry and energy generation source sectors. We also find that median family income is a driver of variation in relative emissions changes in all sectors-counties with median family income >$75 K vs. less generally experience larger relative declines in industry, energy, transportation, residential, and commercial-related emissions. Emissions from most air pollution source sectors have, on a national level, decreased following the United States CAA. In this work, we show that the relative reductions in emissions varied across racial/ethnic and socioeconomic groups.
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|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10794183 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-43492-9 | DOI Listing |
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