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Newer Insulin Preparations and Insulin Analogs.
Cureus
November 2024
Department of Pharmacology, Krishna Vishwa Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Karad, IND.
Diabetes mellitus represents a significant and growing global health challenge, with its prevalence steadily increasing. Insulin therapy remains a cornerstone of diabetes management. Since its discovery in 1921, insulin has undergone substantial advancements, evolving from crude animal extracts to highly refined recombinant formulations and biosimilars.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObesity in Hidradenitis Suppurativa: Are GLP-1 Receptor Agonists the New Frontier?
Am J Clin Dermatol
December 2024
Department of Dermatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is an inflammatory skin disorder presenting with painful and draining nodules in intertriginous areas that may progress to sinus tracts. There is an increased prevalence of obesity in HS, and obesity may predispose patients to HS. Weight loss has been associated with improvement of HS symptoms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReal-world Evidence on Oral Semaglutide for the Management of Type 2 Diabetes. A Narrative Review for Clinical Practice.
Clin Ther
November 2024
Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padua, Italy; Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padua, Italy.
Purpose: Oral semaglutide is the first oral glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) available for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) management, whose effectiveness and tolerability have extensively been demonstrated in the PIONEER clinical trial program. Nevertheless, data from real-world are crucial to evaluate treatment performance under routine care. The aim of this narrative review is to summarize available evidence regarding real-world utilization patterns of oral semaglutide, and discuss efficacy, safety, and dosing regimen data in routine scenarios.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTranscriptomics of SGLT2-positive early proximal tubule segments in mice: response to type 1 diabetes, SGLT1/2 inhibition, or GLP1 receptor agonism.
Am J Physiol Renal Physiol
January 2025
Division of Nephrology & Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States.
SGLT2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) and GLP1 receptor (GLP1R) agonists have kidney protective effects. To better understand their molecular effects, RNA sequencing was performed in SGLT2-positive proximal tubule segments isolated by immunostaining-guided laser capture microdissection. Male adult DBA wild-type (WT) and littermate diabetic Akita mice ± knockout (-KO) were given vehicle or SGLT2i dapagliflozin (dapa; 10 mg/kg diet) for 2 wk, and other Akita mice received GLP1R agonist semaglutide [sema; 3 nmol/(kg body wt·day), sc].
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRisk of ophthalmic adverse drug reactions in patients prescribed glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists: a pharmacovigilance study based on the FDA adverse event reporting system database.
Endocrine
November 2024
Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to explore the link between GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) and eye-related adverse drug reactions (OADRs), utilizing data from the FDA's reporting system from 2018 to 2023.
- It found 5003 reported OADRs related to GLP-1 RAs, with significant findings for drugs like semaglutide and liraglutide, suggesting a need for careful monitoring and early intervention.
- The conclusion highlights the crucial need for eye health monitoring in patients on GLP-1 RAs and suggests that regulatory agencies should update drug labels to reflect these potential risks.
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