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Exercise-Associated Hyponatremic Encephalopathy, Rhabdomyolysis, and Acute Kidney Injury While Hiking in the Grand Canyon.
Wilderness Environ Med
December 2024
University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
Article Synopsis
- A 41-year-old male hiker experienced a serious medical emergency after consuming too much water while hiking in the Grand Canyon during hot weather, leading to multiple health issues.
- He suffered from exercise-associated hyponatremic encephalopathy (EAHE), exertional rhabdomyolysis (ER), and acute kidney injury (AKI), which resulted in severe pain, disorientation, and a grand mal seizure during helicopter evacuation.
- The case highlights the dangers of excessive water intake, potential complications from strenuous exercise, and the need for prompt treatment of life-threatening conditions like EAHE and compartment syndromes.
International expert consensus statement on the diagnosis and management of congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (arginine vasopressin resistance).
Nat Rev Nephrol
October 2024
Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI; also known as arginine vasopressin resistance) is a rare inherited disorder of water homeostasis, caused by insensitivity of the distal nephron to arginine vasopressin. Consequently, the kidney loses its ability to concentrate urine, which leads to polyuria, polydipsia and the risk of hypertonic dehydration. The diagnosis and management of NDI are very challenging and require an integrated, multidisciplinary approach.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFApelin levels in patients with polyuria-polydipsia syndrome upon copeptin stimulation tests.
Eur J Endocrinol
October 2024
Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Objective: Differentiating between arginine vasopressin deficiency (AVP-D) and primary polydipsia (PP) requires a copeptin stimulation test. We aimed to characterize changes in apelin, an endogenous hormone antagonizing AVP, upon copeptin stimulation tests.
Design: Post hoc secondary analysis of a multi-centric cross-over diagnostic study (NCT03572166).
Diagnostic Utility of Copeptin in Pediatric Patients with Polyuria-Polydipsia Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Int J Mol Sci
October 2024
Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University "Dunarea de Jos" of Galati, 800201 Galati, Romania.
Article Synopsis
- - Pediatric patients with polyuria polydipsia syndrome (PPS) can be hard to diagnose due to difficulties with the standard water deprivation test (WDT), but copeptin is a promising biomarker for better diagnosis.
- - This study evaluates the effectiveness of baseline copeptin measurements and stimulation tests against WDT to differentiate between types of diabetes insipidus and primary polydipsia in children.
- - Findings show high sensitivity (0.98) and specificity (0.947) for copeptin tests, indicating it could be a reliable and less invasive diagnostic alternative, calling for more standardized protocols in future research.
Hyponatremia due to preserved non-osmotic arginine vasopressin secretion in adipsic diabetes insipidus: a case report with review of literature.
Endocr J
November 2024
Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Kanto Central Hospital of the Mutual Aid Association of Public School Teachers, Tokyo 158-8531, Japan.
Article Synopsis
- Adipsic diabetes insipidus (ADI) involves a lack of thirst response to high sodium levels, leading to high sodium (hypernatremia) and complications like low sodium (hyponatremia) often seen with desmopressin treatment.
- A 53-year-old woman with hypopituitarism, who was not on desmopressin, experienced three episodes of hyponatremia due to preserved secretion of arginine vasopressin (AVP), despite normal plasma AVP levels.
- Effective management of her condition was achieved by adjusting water intake based on body weight, demonstrating a unique case where hyponatremia occurred without desmopressin therapy, potentially due
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