Eight studies ( = 2,561) reveal that how we perceptually process a person's face affects our capacity to understand their mind. Studies 1A and B indicate this relationship functions via two separate pathways: (a) indirectly by increasing our sensitivity to the cues of a mind in a face and (b) directly by changing the way we relate to the mind behind the face. Six additional studies adopt perspective taking paradigms to provide further support for a direct effect of configural processing on mentalization. Studies 2 and 3 find that processing faces configurally increases perspective taking on spatial tasks compared to processing faces featurally. Study 4 demonstrates configural face processing gives rise to inferences about the target's mental states such as beliefs and desires. Study 5 finds manipulation of a target's face that heightens configural processing increases perspective taking. Using a positive control, Study 6 demonstrates real-world consequences. Taken together, these findings document that the multiple and complex consequences of configural processing are critical to the social function of mentalization. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
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