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Risk Factors and Pharmacological Interventions Impacting Cerebrovascular Ischemic Events in Giant Cell Arteritis: A Narrative Review.
Immun Inflamm Dis
January 2025
Faculty of Medicine, Alzaiem Alazhari University, Khartoum, Sudan.
Introduction: Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a common vasculitis predominantly affecting larger vessels, especially in individuals aged 70-79. Cerebrovascular ischemic events (CIE), such as stroke and transient ischemic attacks, are serious but rare complications of GCA, with a pooled prevalence of 4%. Some studies found that within 2 weeks of GCA diagnosis, 74% and 34% of patients experience transient or severe ischemic events, respectively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCyclopentadienyl cations.
Chem Sci
December 2024
La Trobe University, Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science Melbourne Victoria 3086 Australia
This perspective covers the chemistry of cyclopentadienyl cations from the first synthetic attempts generating transient variants to their successful isolation earlier this year. They are highly reactive species that researchers struggled to isolate and characterize that stifled efforts to explore their reactivity. The recent isolation of a cyclopentadienyl cation enabled characterization and reactivity studies that make this an exciting time in the area that will undoubtedly inspire research in cyclic four π-electron systems.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe involvements of intracellular basal calcium and membrane potential in para-phenylenediamine-impaired sperm function.
Transl Androl Urol
December 2024
Center for Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China.
Background: Para-phenylenediamine (PPD) is a crystalline solid that belongs to the aromatic amine group, widely used in the manufacturing of various dyes. PPD exhibits toxic effects on female hormone stability, ovarian function, and embryo development. Although studies have shown that PPD exposure can damage oocyte quality in female mice, research on its effects on male reproductive capability, particularly on human sperm quality and function, is limited.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMechanistic insight into multiple effects of copper ion on the photoreactivity of dissolved organic matter.
J Hazard Mater
January 2025
Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
Sunlight irradiation of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in surface water results in the production of photochemically produced reactive intermediates (PPRIs). This process is inevitably influenced by co-existing metal ions in aquatic environments; However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this study, the effect of co-existing copper ion (Cu) on PPRIs produced by irradiation of DOM was systematically investigated, because Cu is a typical redox transient cation and has strong affinity to DOM.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLigand labilization gates intramolecular electron transfer in molecular photocatalyst.
Chem Commun (Camb)
January 2025
Institute of Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany.
Identification of rate determining steps concerning catalyst activation and catalytic turnover is key to optimize molecular photocatalysts. In this contribution, femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy upon variation of temperature and ionic strength yields new insights into the light-driven reactivity of the benchmark molecular photocatalyst, RutpphzRhCp*.
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