Objectives: To analyze the evolution of tuberculosis (TB) epidemiology in Saudi Arabia in the 5 years following the implementation of the end-TB Strategy.
Methods: A retrospective analysis of surveillance data, reported by the national tuberculosis control program from 2015-2019, was carried out. The annual incidence and the percentage of yearly changes were calculated and compared to the World Health Organization (WHO) milestones, which anticipate a 4-5% annual decline. Additionally, various other epidemiological indicators of TB were examined.
Results: The national TB incidence declined from 10.55% per 100,000 in 2015 to 8.76% per 100,000 in 2019, aligning with the WHO's 2019 milestone estimated between 8.59-8.96% per 100,000. While Makkah Region (40.3%) and Riyadh (24.6%) accounted for the majority of cases, Jazan region consistently exhibited the highest incidence throughout the study period. Demographic features shifted towards a younger age category, male, and native dominance. There was a consistent decrease in resistance and intermediate sensitivity to all first-line anti-TB drugs, associated with a substantial decrease in both polydrug resistance (from 4.7-1.9%; <0.001) and multidrug resistance (from 4.4-2.4%; =0.008).
Conclusion: The figures of TB incidence TB in Saudi Arabia between 2015-2019 has met the WHO end-TB milestones, predicting successful progress toward the 2035 goal.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.15537/smj.2024.45.1.20230424 | DOI Listing |
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