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Aligning Large Language Models with Humans: A Comprehensive Survey of ChatGPT's Aptitude in Pharmacology.
Drugs
December 2024
Department of Pharmacy and Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610212, China.
Article Synopsis
- The study addresses the challenges in evaluating large language models (LLMs) in pharmacology due to the absence of a comprehensive test set.
- It creates a specialized pharmacology test set with tasks like drug information retrieval and trend summarization, comparing the performance of GPT-3.5 and GPT-4.
- The findings show that while these models excel in understanding and summarizing pharmacological information, they struggle with specific tasks like drug identification and interaction retrieval, suggesting that enhancing them with retrieval-augmented generation or specialized knowledge bases could improve their efficacy in pharmacology.
Large language models outperform general practitioners in identifying complex cases of childhood anxiety.
Digit Health
December 2024
Faculty of Education, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel.
Objective: Anxiety is prevalent in childhood but often remains undiagnosed due to its physical manifestations and significant comorbidity. Despite the availability of effective treatments, including medication and psychotherapy, research indicates that physicians struggle to identify childhood anxiety, particularly in complex and challenging cases. This study aims to explore the potential effectiveness of artificial intelligence (AI) language models in diagnosing childhood anxiety compared to general practitioners (GPs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvaluating ChatGPT's Diagnostic Accuracy in Detecting Fundus Images.
Cureus
November 2024
Ophthalmology, East Kent Hospitals University National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Canterbury, GBR.
Introduction Artificial intelligence is rapidly advancing in healthcare. Ophthalmology, with its reliance on imaging for diagnosis and management, has the potential to benefit from this technology. Deep learning models are currently used in image analysis in ophthalmology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvaluating the Performance of ChatGPT in the Prescribing Safety Assessment: Implications for Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Prescribing.
Cureus
November 2024
Intensive Care Unit, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, GBR.
Objective With the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, models like Chat Generative Pre-Trained Transformer (ChatGPT) are increasingly being evaluated for their potential applications in healthcare. The Prescribing Safety Assessment (PSA) is a standardised test for junior physicians in the UK to evaluate prescribing competence. This study aims to assess ChatGPT's ability to pass the PSA and its performance across different exam sections.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInvestigating generative AI models and detection techniques: impacts of tokenization and dataset size on identification of AI-generated text.
Front Artif Intell
November 2024
Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, China.
Generative AI models, including ChatGPT, Gemini, and Claude, are increasingly significant in enhancing K-12 education, offering support across various disciplines. These models provide sample answers for humanities prompts, solve mathematical equations, and brainstorm novel ideas. Despite their educational value, ethical concerns have emerged regarding their potential to mislead students into copying answers directly from AI when completing assignments, assessments, or research papers.
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