Evaluating the challenges and needs of parents caring for children with Williams syndrome: A preliminary study from Poland.

Background: Although physical, cognitive and behavioural manifestations of Williams syndrome (WS) affect every dimension of caregivers lives, no studies on the parental experiences of caring for a WS child have to date been carried out in Poland.

Methods: In order to identify the challenges and needs of Polish carers of WS children a survey was conducted with 32 family caregivers who were supported by the Polish Williams Syndrome Association.

Results: While caregivers were mostly challenged by their WS child's behaviours, health problems and mood swings, many parents experienced fatigue, intimacy problems with the partner and deterioration of mental health. They were also burdened by the lack of time for themselves and work restrictions resulting from caregiving responsibilities. Even though parents positively assessed quality of medical care for WS children, still many expressed their dissatisfaction both with the way the healthcare system for WS children works in Poland and complained about the doctors' lack of knowledge about WS, access to specialist care and lack of support from government and social institutions. Although many parents stressed positive impact of rising WS child, more than half experienced role captivity or role overload and felt not being understood by others. They also experienced variety of distressing emotions, including impatience, emotional lability, helplessness, anxiety and depression.

Conclusions: Although many WS parents stressed the affirmative aspect of raising WS child this research shows that the burden of caring for such a child goes far beyond clinical aspects and seriously affects every aspect of parents' lives, including their mental health, daily lives, family, their professional and social lives. Because apart from the daily challenges related to caring for a WS child, parents' dealings with the healthcare system and support services represent major problems there is a the need for a bio-psychosocial approach to WS that should include not only WS children, but also their caregivers. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS?: 1. It analyses the challenges and needs of parents caring for children with Williams syndrome; 2. It provides evidence that the impact of caring for WS children goes far beyond clinical aspects and seriously affects every aspect of parents' lives, including their mental health, daily lives, family, their professional and social lives; 3. It also shows that, apart from the daily challenges related to caring for a WS child, parents' dealings with the healthcare system and support services represent major problems. 4. Thereby, it highlights the importance of incorporating a bio-psychosocial approach to WS that should include not only WS children, but also their caregivers.