. Chronopotentiometric voltage transients (VTs) are used to assess the performance of bionic electrodes. The data obtained from VTs are used to define the safe operating conditions of clinical devices. Various approaches to analysing VTs have been reported, and a number of limitations in the accuracy of the measurements in relation to electrode size have been noted previously.. The impact of electronic hardware and electrode configuration on VTs is discussed.. The slew rate, rise time, sample time, minimum pulse length and waveform averaging characteristics of the electronic hardware, and electrode configuration will impact on VT measurement accuracy. Subsequently, activation and polarisation voltage measurements, and the definition of safe stimulation levels can be affected by the electronic hardware and electrode configuration.. This article has identified some limitations in the previous literature related to the measurement and reporting of VTs and subsequent analysis of access and polarisation voltages. Furthermore, the commonly used Shannon plot used to define safe stimulation protocols does not correct for uncompensated resistance, account for electrode roughness or changes in electrode configuration. The creation of a safe stimulation plot which has been corrected for uncompensated resistance would generate more widely applicable stimulation guidelines for clinical devices used in different anatomical locations such as endovascular neural interfaces.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1741-2552/ad1e23 | DOI Listing |
Water Res
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; College of Environment and Resources, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan 411105, PR China. Electronic address:
A sustainable supply of lithium from salt-lake brines is necessary due to the surge in demand of the lithium-battery market. However, the presence of coexisting ions, particularly Na, poses a significant challenge due to the similarities in charge, electronic structure, and hydrated size. The electrochemical system with manganese (Mn)-based lithium-ion (Li) sieves electrodes is a promising method for Li recovery, but often suffers from geometric configuration distortion, which reduces their selectivity and capacity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAcc Chem Res
January 2025
Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.
ConspectusThe electronic properties of atomically thin van der Waals (vdW) materials can be precisely manipulated by vertically stacking them with a controlled offset (for example, a rotational offset─i.e., twist─between the layers, or a small difference in lattice constant) to generate moiré superlattices.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChemSusChem
January 2025
Department of Chemical Engineering, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, 7522 NB, Enschede, The, Netherlands.
A niobium (Nb) mesh electrode was coated with boron-doped diamond (BDD) using chemical vapor deposition in a custom-built hot-filament reactor. The BDD-functionalized mesh was tested in a zero-gap electrolysis configuration and evaluated for the anodic formation of HO by selective oxidation of water, including the analysis of the effects on Faradaic efficiency towards HO (FEH2O2) induced by pulsed electrolysis. A low electrolyte flow rate (V⋅) was found to result in a relatively high concentration of HO in single-pass electrolysis experiments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Phys Chem Lett
January 2025
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States.
We report a Tuning Fork Scanning Electrochemical Cell Microscopy (TF-SECCM) technique for providing morphological and electrochemical information on single redox-active entities. This new operation configuration of SECCM utilizes an electrolyte-filled nanopipette tip mounted onto a tuning fork force sensor to obtain a precise tip-sample distance control and surface morphological mapping capabilities. Redox activities of regions of interest (ROIs) can be investigated by scanning electrode potential by moving the nanopipette to any target regions while maintaining the constant force engagement of the tip with the sample.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNano Lett
January 2025
Division of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, South Korea.
Three-dimensional vertically stacked memory is more cost-effective than two-dimensional stacked memory. Vertically stacked memory using ferroelectric materials has great potential not only in high-density memory but also in neuromorphic fields because it secures low voltage and fast operation speed. This paper presents the implementation of a ferroelectric capacitor comprising a vertical two-layer stacked structure composed of a titanium nitride (TiN)/aluminum-doped hafnium oxide/TiN configuration.
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