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The evolution of BRAF-targeted therapies in melanoma: overcoming hurdles and unleashing novel strategies.
Front Oncol
November 2024
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
Melanoma, a highly aggressive form of skin cancer, poses a significant global health burden, with 331,647 new cases and 58,645 deaths reported in 2022. The development of melanoma is influenced by various factors, including sunlight exposure and BRAF mutations that activate the MAPK/ERK pathway. The introduction of BRAF and MEK inhibitors has revolutionized the treatment landscape for melanoma patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnnals of Surgical Oncology Practice Guidelines Series: Adjuvant and Neoadjuvant Therapy for Melanoma.
Ann Surg Oncol
January 2025
Department of Cutaneous Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, and Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA.
Surgery has always been the mainstay of melanoma treatment, but the risk of recurrence after curative-intent surgery remains high for some stages of the disease. In this Annals of Surgical Oncology Guidelines Review, we provide an overview of practice changing studies, review international guidelines, and highlight current recommendations and areas of controversy when treating melanoma patients in the adjuvant and neoadjuvant setting. Recent clinical trials have established important roles for adjuvant and neoadjuvant therapy in conjunction with surgery for selected patients with stage II, stage III, and even resectable stage IV melanoma.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnaplastic thyroid cancer: A review of recent evidence and summary of an Australian institutional protocol.
Asia Pac J Clin Oncol
December 2024
Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC), a rare and highly aggressive malignancy, is characterized by an exceptionally poor prognosis, where the majority of patients present with extensive local invasion and/or distant metastases. 20-30% of ATCs harbor the BRAF-V600E mutation. Neoadjuvant BRAF-targeted therapy may have the potential to downstage and facilitate surgical resection for patients with locally advanced and unresectable primary tumors with BRAF mutation and may convey a survival advantage in those with metastatic disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFToxicities from BRAF and MEK Inhibitors: Strategies to Maximize Therapeutic Success.
Curr Oncol Rep
August 2024
Division of Medical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Purpose Of Review: This report highlights several of the recent therapeutic advancements in the treatment of BRAF-mutant tumors, discusses the most common adverse events observed with BRAF-targeted agents, and suggests strategies to manage and mitigate treatment-related toxicities.
Recent Findings: BRAF and MEK inhibitors represent a significant advancement in the treatment of BRAF-mutated malignancies with data across tumor types demonstrating the anti-tumor efficacy of dual MAPK inhibition. Although these agents have a reasonable toxicity profile, variable side effects across organ systems can develop.
Real-world efficacy and safety of BRAF-targeted therapy for patients with advanced melanoma: A single-center retrospective study in Japan.
J Dermatol
September 2024
Department of Dermatologic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
Most clinical trials investigating targeted therapies for patients harboring BRAF V600 mutations have included mostly White patients, and data for Asian patients are scarce. Although there are several retrospective studies in Japanese patients, they have investigated only the dabrafenib + trametinib regimen, and have had a short follow-up period. We conducted a single-center retrospective study to update previous studies and compare the outcomes with those in White patients.
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