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The Pellagra Portraits.
JAMA
February 2024
Department of Medical History and Bioethics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison.
Vitamin D: part II; cod liver oil, ultraviolet radiation, and eradication of rickets.
Int Orthop
March 2019
Hôpital Henri Mondor, 94010, Creteil, France.
Purpose: After Glisson's description of rickets, it took two centuries to realize that rickets was due to the absence of antirachitic nutrients in the diet or lack exposure of the skin to ultraviolet rays. This bone disease caused by vitamin D deficiency was one of the most common diseases of children 100 years ago. This paper explores how the definition, diagnosis, and treatment of rickets shifted in the first decades of the twentieth century.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPellagra Pre-Goldberger: Rupert Blue, Fleming Sandwith, and The "Vitamine Hypothesis".
Trans Am Clin Climatol Assoc
June 2016
Columbia, South Carolina.
The conquest of pellagra is commonly associated with one name: Joseph Goldberger of the US Public Health Service, who in 1914 went south, concluded within 4 months that the cause was inadequate diet, spent the rest of his life researching the disease, and--before his death from cancer in 1929--found that brewer's yeast could prevent and treat it at nominal cost. It does Goldberger no discredit to emphasize that between 1907 and 1914 a patchwork coalition of asylum superintendents, practicing physicians, local health officials, and others established for the first time an English-language competence in pellagra, sifted through competing hypotheses, and narrowed the choices down to two: an insect-borne infection hypothesis, championed by the flamboyant European Louis Westerna Sambon, and the new "vitamine hypothesis," proffered by Casimir Funk in early 1912 and articulated later that year by two members of the American Clinical and Climatological Association, Fleming Mant Sandwith and Rupert Blue. Those who resisted Goldberger's inconvenient truth that the root cause was southern poverty drew their arguments largely from the Thompson-McFadden Pellagra Commission, which traces back to Sambon's unfortunate influence on American researchers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDeficiency neuropathy in wartime: the "paraesthetic-causalgic syndrome" described by Manuel Peraita during the Spanish Civil War.
J Hist Neurosci
April 2010
Centro de Ciencias Humanas y Sociales, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), 28037, Madrid, Spain.
This paper discusses the contribution of Spanish neurologist Manuel Peraita (1908-1950) to the study of deficiency neuropathy in the setting of the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939). The clinical characteristics of "paraesthetic-causalgic syndrome" or "Madrid syndrome" as described by Peraita are discussed, and the syndrome is presented in relation to other similar conditions, including Strachan's syndrome and burning feet syndrome.
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