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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/EHP13733 | DOI Listing |
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Comparative- and Cost-Effectiveness Research Determining the Optimal Intervention for Advancing Transgender Women With HIV to Full Viral Suppression (Text Me, Alexis!): Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.
JMIR Res Protoc
January 2025
Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States.
Background: Many transgender women with HIV achieve suboptimal advancement through the HIV Care Continuum, including poor HIV health care usage, retention in HIV medical care, and rates of viral suppression. These issues are exacerbated by comorbid conditions, such as substance use disorder, which is also associated with reduced quality of life, increased overdose deaths, usage of high-cost health care services, engagement in a street economy, and cycles of incarceration. Thus, it is critical that efforts to End the HIV Epidemic include effective interventions to link and retain transgender women in HIV care through full viral suppression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFParametric Search for Optimal Channel Shape for Swirling Blood Flow in the Heart and Main Vessels.
Dokl Biochem Biophys
January 2025
Bakulev National Medical Research Center for Cardiovascular Surgery, Moscow, Russia.
The study presents a numerical parametric investigation of flow structures in channels with a longitudinal-radial profile zR = Const and a spherical dome at the base. The goal of the study was to examine the flow structures in these channels depending on the exponent N of the profile and the height of the dome, to determine the conditions that provide optimal centripetal swirling flow, analogous to blood flow in the heart chambers and major vessels. The investigation was conducted using a comparative analysis of flow structures in channel configurations zR = Const, carried out in two stages.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExploring novel immunotherapy in advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: Is targeting TIGIT an answer?
Esophagus
January 2025
Department of Medical Oncology, National Taiwan University Cancer Center, 7 Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei, 10002, Taiwan.
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a prevalent and highly lethal malignancy in Asia. Recent advancements in immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have markedly transformed the systemic therapy landscape for ESCC. Anti-PD-1-based combination with chemotherapy or with ipilimumab, an anti-CTLA-4 antibody, have been established as the new standard first-line treatments for patients with advanced ESCC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA Review of Leveraging Artificial Intelligence to Predict Persistent Postoperative Opioid Use and Opioid Use Disorder and its Ethical Considerations.
Curr Pain Headache Rep
January 2025
Division of Perioperative Informatics, Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Purpose Of Review: Artificial intelligence (AI) offers a new frontier for aiding in the management of both acute and chronic pain, which may potentially transform opioid prescribing practices and addiction prevention strategies. In this review paper, not only do we discuss some of the current literature around predicting various opioid-related outcomes, but we also briefly point out the next steps to improve trustworthiness of these AI models prior to real-time use in clinical workflow.
Recent Findings: Machine learning-based predictive models for identifying risk for persistent postoperative opioid use have been reported for spine surgery, knee arthroplasty, hip arthroplasty, arthroscopic joint surgery, outpatient surgery, and mixed surgical populations.
Protocol for the AFTERHERNIA Project: patient-reported outcomes of groin and ventral hernia repair.
Hernia
January 2025
Center for Perioperative Optimization, Department of Surgery, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark.
Purpose: The AFTERHERNIA Project aims to shift the focus of hernia surgery towards patient-reported outcomes by examining the impact of surgical methods and long-term complications on a national level. Groin and ventral hernia repairs are common surgical procedures with significant impact on patient quality of life and healthcare costs. Most large-scale studies focus on clinical outcomes like reoperation and readmission rates, rather than patient-reported outcomes.
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