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Comparative analysis of flexural strength of 3D printed and milled 4Y-TZP and 3Y-TZP zirconia. | LitMetric

Comparative analysis of flexural strength of 3D printed and milled 4Y-TZP and 3Y-TZP zirconia.

J Prosthet Dent

Assistant Professor, Department of Prosthodontics & Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Published: March 2024

AI Article Synopsis

  • 3D printed zirconia materials are compared to milled zirconia, particularly focusing on their flexural strength, with previous studies mostly examining 3Y-TZP, prompting the need for research on 4Y-TZP.
  • This study evaluated the flexural strength of four types of zirconia specimens (two 3D printed and two milled) using a standardized testing method and analyzed their crystalline structure through various methods.
  • Results indicated that 3D printed 4Y-TZP had significantly higher flexural strength than milled 4Y-TZP, while 3D printed 3Y-TZP exhibited lower strength compared to its milled counterpart, with tetragonal phases confirmed in all

Article Abstract

Statement Of Problem: The mechanical properties of 3 dimensionally (3D) printed zirconia have been reported to be comparable with those of milled zirconia, except for the flexural strength. However, most previous studies tested 3 mol% yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (3Y-TZP), making it necessary to study 3D printed zirconia with 4 mol% yttria content (4Y-TZP).

Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the flexural strength of 3D printed 4Y-TZP with 3Y-TZP materials and milled 4Y-TZP.

Material And Methods: A total of 80 disk specimens (Ø15×1.5 mm) were fabricated and divided into 4 groups (n=20) using the fabrication method and yttria content: milled 3Y-TZP (Katana HT; Kuraray Noritake), 3D printed 3Y-TZP (TZ-3Y-E; Tosoh), milled 4Y-TZP (Katana STML; Kuraray Noritake), and 3D printed 4Y-TZP (3DMAT; Genoss). The biaxial flexural strength was determined with a piston-on-3-ball test (n=15). The flexural strength of each specimen was measured, and the Weibull modulus (m) and characteristic strength (σ) were estimated from the fracture load distribution. Two intact and fractured specimens were examined with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The crystalline phase of the specimens in each group was identified through X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis (n=5). A 1-way ANOVA was used to compare the flexural strength among different groups. Subsequently, pairwise comparisons were conducted with the Tukey post hoc method (α=.05).

Results: The flexural strength of 3D printed 4Y-TZP was significantly higher than that of milled 4Y-TZP (P<.001). In contrast, the flexural strength of 3D printed 3Y-TZP was significantly lower than that of milled 3Y-TZP (P<.001). X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that the tetragonal phase was the dominant phase in all groups, with the identification of some cubic phase peaks.

Conclusions: Three dimensionally printed 4Y-TZP showed significantly higher flexural strength than milled 4Y-TZP and exhibited a clinically acceptable flexural strength exceeding 800 MPa.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2023.12.020DOI Listing

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