Exploring the Multiple Roles of Notch1 in Biological Development: An Analysis and Study Based on Phylogenetics and Transcriptomics.

At present, there is a research gap concerning the specific functions and mechanisms of the gene family and its signaling pathway in jawless vertebrates. In this study, we identified a Notch1 homologue ( Notch1) in the database. Through bioinformatics analysis, we identified Notch1 as the likely common ancestor gene of the gene family in higher vertebrates, indicating a high degree of conservation in the gene family and its signaling pathways. To validate the biological function of Notch1, we conducted targeted silencing of . Notch1 in and analyzed the resultant gene expression profile before and after silencing using transcriptome analysis. Our findings revealed that the silencing of Notch1 resulted in differential expression of pathways and genes associated with signal transduction, immune regulation, and metabolic regulation, mirroring the biological function of the Notch signaling pathway in higher vertebrates. This article systematically elucidated the origin and evolution of the gene family while also validating the biological function of Notch1. These insights offer valuable clues for understanding the evolution of the Notch signaling pathway and establish a foundation for future research on the origin of the Notch signaling pathway, as well as its implications in human diseases and immunomodulation.