Biotransformation of Δ-Progesterone Using Selected Entomopathogenic Filamentous Fungi and Prediction of Its Products' Bioactivity.

This research aimed at obtaining new derivatives of pregn-1,4-diene-3,20-dione (Δ-progesterone) () through microbiological transformation. For the role of catalysts, we used six strains of entomopathogenic filamentous fungi ( KCh J1.5, KCh J3.3, KCh J2, KCh KW1.1, MU35, and MU4). The substrate () was obtained by carrying out an enzymatic 1,2-dehydrogenation on an increased scale (3.5 g/L) using a recombinant cholest-4-en-3-one Δ-dehydrogenase (AcmB) from . All selected strains were characterized by the high biotransformation capacity for the used substrate. As a result of the biotransformation, six steroid derivatives were obtained: 11α-hydroxypregn-1,4-diene-3,20-dione (), 6β,11α-dihydroxypregn-1,4-diene-3,20-dione (), 6β-hydroxypregn-1,4-diene-3,11,20-trione (), 6β,17α-dihydroxypregn-1,4-diene-3,20-dione (), 6β,17β-dihydroxyandrost-1,4-diene-3-one (), and 12β,17α-dihydroxypregn-1,4-diene-3,20-dione (). The results show evident variability of the biotransformation process between strains of the tested biocatalysts from different species described as entomopathogenic filamentous fungi. The obtained products were tested in silico using cheminformatics tools for their pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties, proving their potentially high biological activities. This study showed that the obtained compounds may have applications as effective inhibitors of testosterone 17β-dehydrogenase. Most of the obtained products should, also with a high probability, find potential uses as androgen antagonists, a prostate as well as menopausal disorders treatment. They should also demonstrate immunosuppressive, erythropoiesis-stimulating, and anti-inflammatory properties.