Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) is a key regulatory enzyme in the one-carbon cycle. This enzyme is essential for the metabolism of methionine, folate, and RNA, as well as for the production of proteins, DNA, and RNA. MTHFR catalyses the irreversible conversion of 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate to its active form, 5-methyltetrahydrofolate, a co-substrate for homocysteine remethylation to methionine. Numerous variants of the gene have been recognised, among which the C677T variant is the most extensively studied. The C677T polymorphism, which results in the conversion of valine to alanine at codon 222, is associated with reduced activity and an increased thermolability of the enzyme. Impaired MTHFR efficiency is associated with increased levels of homocysteine, which can contribute to increased production of reactive oxygen species and the development of oxidative stress. Homocysteine is acknowledged as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease, while chronic inflammation serves as the common underlying factor among these issues. Many studies have been conducted to determine whether there is an association between the C677T polymorphism and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes, and overweight/obesity. There is substantial evidence supporting this association, although several studies have concluded that the polymorphism cannot be reliably used for prediction. This review examines the latest research on polymorphisms and their correlation with cardiovascular disease, obesity, and epigenetic regulation.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms25010193 | DOI Listing |
Int J Surg
January 2025
Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
Background: The impact of aortic arch (AA) morphology on the management of the procedural details and the clinical outcomes of the transfemoral artery (TF)-transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has not been evaluated. The goal of this study was to evaluate the AA morphology of patients who had TF-TAVR using an artificial intelligence algorithm and then to evaluate its predictive value for clinical outcomes.
Materials And Methods: A total of 1480 consecutive patients undergoing TF-TAVR using a new-generation transcatheter heart valve at 12 institutes were included in this retrospective study.
Int J Surg
January 2025
Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, SAR.
Background: Understanding based on up-to-date data on the burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is limited, especially regarding how subtypes contribute to the overall NCD burden and the attributable risk factors across locations and subtypes. We aimed to report the global, regional, and national burden of NCDs, subtypes, and attributable risk factors in 2021, and trends from 1990 to 2021 by age, sex, and socio-demographic index (SDI).
Materials And Methods: We used data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 to estimate the prevalence, deaths, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for NCDs and subtypes, along with attributable risk factors.
Drug Saf
January 2025
Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Environmental Medicine, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, 5000, Odense C, Denmark.
Introduction: Large administrative healthcare databases can be used for near real-time sequential safety surveillance of drugs as an alternative approach to traditional reporting-based pharmacovigilance. The study aims to build and empirically test a prospective drug safety monitoring setup and perform a sequential safety monitoring of rofecoxib use and risk of cardiovascular outcomes.
Methods: We used Danish population-based health registers and performed sequential analysis of rofecoxib use and cardiovascular outcomes using case-time-control and cohort study designs from January 2000 to September 2004.
Endocrine
January 2025
Department of Health Management, Chronic Health Management Laboratory, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, China.
Background: The impact of fatty liver disease on lumbar bone mineral density (BMD) represents an intriguing area of study, particularly in light of established research linking obesity to bone metabolism. However, there remains limited investigation into the correlation between quantifying liver fat content (LFC) and lumbar BMD among overweight and obese populations, particularly within the Chinese demographic. This study aims to accurately quantify LFC and investigate its association with lumbar BMD in overweight or obese individuals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Cardiol Rep
January 2025
Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Purpose Of Review: This review aims to explore how a diagnosis of LMNA-related cardiomyopathy (LMNA-CM) informs clinical management, focusing on the prevention and management of its complications, through practical clinical strategies.
Recent Findings: Longitudinal studies have enhanced our understanding of the natural history of LMNA-CM including its arrhythmic and non-arrhythmic complications. A LMNA specific ventricular arrhythmia risk prediction strategy has been integrated into clinical practice guidelines.
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