AI Article Synopsis
- Scientists are working on developing drug delivery systems that target diseased tissues while minimizing side effects on healthy organs, with red blood cells (RBCs) showing potential as natural carriers due to their unique properties.
- Autologous RBCs (derived from a patient’s own blood) are especially promising for drug delivery due to their safety, immunogenic compatibility, and biodegradability.
- This review highlights advancements in encapsulating drugs into RBCs using osmotic methods, including clinical trial discussions and the need for automation in the production process to enhance the efficiency of targeted therapies.
Article Abstract
Scientific organizations worldwide are striving to create drug delivery systems that provide a high local concentration of a drug in pathological tissue without side effects on healthy organs in the body. Important physiological properties of red blood cells (RBCs), such as frequent renewal ability, good oxygen carrying ability, unique shape and membrane flexibility, allow them to be used as natural carriers of drugs in the body. Erythrocyte carriers derived from autologous blood are even more promising drug delivery systems due to their immunogenic compatibility, safety, natural uniqueness, simple preparation, biodegradability and convenience of use in clinical practice. This review is focused on the achievements in the clinical application of targeted drug delivery systems based on osmotic methods of loading RBCs, with an emphasis on advancements in their industrial production. This article describes the basic methods used for encapsulating drugs into erythrocytes, key strategic approaches to the clinical use of drug-loaded erythrocytes obtained by hypotonic hemolysis. Moreover, clinical trials of erythrocyte carriers for the targeted delivery are discussed. This article explores the recent advancements and engineering approaches employed in the encapsulation of erythrocytes through hypotonic hemolysis methods, as well as the most promising inventions in this field. There is currently a shortage of reviews focused on the automation of drug loading into RBCs; therefore, our work fills this gap. Finally, further prospects for the development of engineering and technological solutions for the automatic production of drug-loaded RBCs were studied. Automated devices have the potential to provide the widespread production of RBC-encapsulated therapeutic drugs and optimize the process of targeted drug delivery in the body. Furthermore, they can expedite the widespread introduction of this innovative treatment method into clinical practice, thereby significantly expanding the effectiveness of treatment in both surgery and all areas of medicine.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10772586 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23451 | DOI Listing |
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