Aim: This study tested the mediating role of the nurse-patient relationship and self-rated health in the effect of emotional labour on turnover intention among nurses in China.
Background: The underlying mechanism behind the effect of emotional labour on turnover intention remains inadequately understood.
Introduction: Nurses with a high level of emotional labour are predisposed to experiencing poor health and tension in their relationships with patients, which may increase turnover intention.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 527 nurses in a public tertiary hospital in Qiqihar, located in China's Heilongjiang province, was conducted. Emotional labour and turnover intention were assessed using existing validated scales containing multiple items, while the nurse-patient relationship and self-rated health were assessed using single items, respectively. Baron and Kenny's causal steps and the Karlson/Holm/Breen method were adopted to test the mediating effects of the nurse-patient relationship and self-rated health in the association between emotional labour and turnover intention after adjusting for variations in sociodemographic and job characteristics.
Results: Emotional labour was positively associated with turnover intention. Self-rated poor health and a disharmonious nurse-patient relationship partially mediated the positive effect of emotional labour on turnover intention.
Conclusions: Emotional labour significantly affects the turnover intention of nurses working in public tertiary hospitals in China, and this effect is partially mediated by self-rated health and the nurse-patient relationship.
Implications For Nursing Practice And Nursing Policy: Giving more attention to nurses' negative emotions and work attitudes is crucial. Developing comprehensive strategies for enhancing nurses' emotional management ability, promoting their physical and psychological well-being, and improving nurse-patient relationship to reduce nurses' turnover.
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