blotch or leaf blotch has been used for long time, but leaf blotch is a correct disease name. Moreover, resistant gene is the correct name, but, not gene. It has sexual and asexual parts on the mycelia, known as heterothallic fungi. Its pathogenic diversity ranged from 40% to 93% and has produced a wide variety of haplotypes. has a plasmogamy and karyogamy sexual process. The pathogen can use macropycnidiospores, micropycnidiospores, and pycnidia vegetative growths for infection and overwintering. Synthetic M3, Kavkaz-K4500, Synthetic 6×, and TE9111 wheat genotypes have horizontal resistance. Avirulence (Avr) genes in and their matching wheat (R) genes indicate gene for gene mechanisms of resistance. Twenty-two R genes (vertical resistance) have been identified. In both horizontal and vertical resistance, different genes have been broken down due to new virulent gene and currently resistant gene is being recommended. Mixing of resistant and susceptible cultivars is also the most effective management strategy. Moreover, different cultural practices and biological control have been proposed. Lastly, different fungicides are also available. However, in developing countries cultivar mixture, isolates diversity, biological control, and epidemic studies have been greatly missed.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|---|
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10769150 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21501203.2023.2241492 | DOI Listing |
Heliyon
January 2025
Microbial Activity Unit, Department of Microbiology, Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, 12619, Egypt.
L. faced a new and previously undocumented leaf blight disease for the first time. This disease manifests initially as small, circular, or irregular brown spots on older leaves, which gradually expand and merge into dark brownish blotches over time.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNew Phytol
December 2024
Environmental Genomics, Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel, Am Botanischen Garten 1-11, 24118, Kiel, Germany.
The barley disease Septoria Speckled Leaf Blotch, caused by the fungus Zymoseptoria passerinii, last appeared in North America in the early 2000s. Although rare in crops, field sampling of wild grasses in the Middle East revealed the disease persistence in wild barley. Identification of Z.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlants (Basel)
November 2024
Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
Fruit crops have a pivotal role in Thailand's economy. Continuous evaluation of 13 potential and emerging diseases in fruit crops is important. Necrotic and discolored leaf spots were observed in (avocado) and (mango).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Plant Sci
November 2024
Plant Pathology Laboratory, Institute of Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture and Food Science, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines.
Banana bunchy top disease is caused by (BBTV). BBTV is transmitted locally by aphids ( spp.), but the long-distance spread is through the movement of infected planting materials.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHeliyon
November 2024
Department of Plant Science (Plant Breeding), Holetta Agricultural Research Center (HARC), Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR), Holetta, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Globally, the fungal pathogens and f produce foliar diseases that significantly reduce barley yield. These diseases are known as leaf scald and net form net blotch, respectively. One hundred food barley genotypes in reaction to the diseases were assessed in Ethiopia's natural environment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!