Biology, taxonomy, genetics, and management of : the causal agent of wheat leaf blotch.

Mycology

Department of Plant Protection (Plant Pathology), Holetta Agricultural Research Center (HARC), Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR), Holetta, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Published: August 2023

blotch or leaf blotch has been used for long time, but leaf blotch is a correct disease name. Moreover, resistant gene is the correct name, but, not gene. It has sexual and asexual parts on the mycelia, known as heterothallic fungi. Its pathogenic diversity ranged from 40% to 93% and has produced a wide variety of haplotypes. has a plasmogamy and karyogamy sexual process. The pathogen can use macropycnidiospores, micropycnidiospores, and pycnidia vegetative growths for infection and overwintering. Synthetic M3, Kavkaz-K4500, Synthetic 6×, and TE9111 wheat genotypes have horizontal resistance. Avirulence (Avr) genes in and their matching wheat (R) genes indicate gene for gene mechanisms of resistance. Twenty-two R genes (vertical resistance) have been identified. In both horizontal and vertical resistance, different genes have been broken down due to new virulent gene and currently resistant gene is being recommended. Mixing of resistant and susceptible cultivars is also the most effective management strategy. Moreover, different cultural practices and biological control have been proposed. Lastly, different fungicides are also available. However, in developing countries cultivar mixture, isolates diversity, biological control, and epidemic studies have been greatly missed.

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10769150PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21501203.2023.2241492DOI Listing

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