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Homology and the evolution of vocal folds in the novel avian voice box. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • The origin of novel traits in evolution, particularly the unique vocal organ in birds called the syrinx, is still not fully understood.
  • This study reveals a core developmental process essential for forming avian vocal folds and suggests that the ancestral version of the syrinx had two sound sources, influenced by a conserved developmental pathway.
  • The research indicates that, although the syrinx and the larynx in other tetrapods arise from different tissues, they share similar tissue composition and developmental programs, highlighting how reusing an ancient developmental system helped evolve bird vocalization.

Article Abstract

The origin of novel traits, those that are not direct modifications of a pre-existing ancestral structure, remains a fundamental problem in evolutionary biology. For example, little is known about the evolutionary and developmental origins of the novel avian vocal organ, the syrinx. Located at the tracheobronchial junction, the syrinx is responsible for avian vocalization, but it is unclear whether avian vocal folds are homologous to the laryngeal vocal folds in other tetrapods or convergently evolved. Here, we identify a core developmental program involved in avian vocal fold formation and infer the morphology of the syrinx of the ancestor of modern birds. We find that this ancestral syrinx had paired sound sources induced by a conserved developmental pathway and show that shifts in these signals correlate with syringeal diversification. We show that, despite being derived from different developmental tissues, vocal folds in the syrinx and larynx have similar tissue composition and are established through a strikingly similar developmental program, indicating that co-option of an ancestral developmental program facilitated the origin of vocal folds in the avian syrinx.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2023.12.013DOI Listing

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