The T-cell environment: may the regulatory force be with you.

In the study by Sasaki et al. in this issue, the authors studied infusions of ex vivo-expanded regulatory T cells in a highly clinically relevant nonhuman primate kidney transplant model. This commentary will aim to discuss the use of regulatory T cells in the wider context of transplantation, with particular emphasis on the milieu and various engineering potentials to enhance their function, as well as their relationship to other cell populations with regulatory capacity.