Evaporation of cloud droplets accelerates when turbulence mixes dry air into the cloud, affecting droplet-size distributions in atmospheric clouds, combustion sprays, and jets of exhaled droplets. The challenge is to model local correlations between droplet numbers, sizes, and supersaturation, which determine supersaturation fluctuations along droplet paths (Lagrangian fluctuations). We derived a statistical model that accounts for these correlations. Its predictions are in quantitative agreement with results of direct numerical simulations, and explain the key mechanisms at play.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.131.254201 | DOI Listing |
Adv Mater
December 2024
Extreme Materials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5, Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seoul, Seongbuk-gu, 02792, Republic of Korea.
Additive manufacturing has sought active and interactive means of creating predictable structures with diverse materials. Compared to such active manufacturing tools, current crystallization strategies remain in statistical and passive programs of crystals via macroscale thermodynamic controllers, commonly lacking active means to intervene in crystal growth in a spatiotemporal manner. Herein, a strategy toward active and interactive programming and reprogramming of crystals, realized by real-time tangible feedback on growing crystals by delicately controlling the degree of in-situ, localized photopolymerization of polymeric structures via additive manufacturing is presented.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRSC Adv
December 2024
Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku Nagoya 464-8603 Japan
Bioactive glasses and glass-ceramics exhibit osteoconductivity, which is the ability to form a direct bond with living bone tissue. This property is typically assessed by observing the formation of a hydroxyapatite layer using simulated body fluid (SBF), a solution designed to mimic the inorganic constituents of human blood plasma. SBF was developed by Kokubo (T.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Adv
November 2024
Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
Cloud microphysics studies include how tiny cloud droplets grow and become rain. This is crucial for understanding cloud properties like size, life span, and impact on climate through radiative effects. Small weak-updraft clouds near the haze-to-cloud transition are especially difficult to measure and understand.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
October 2024
Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
J Chem Phys
October 2024
Soft Condensed Matter and Biophysics, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CC Utrecht, Netherlands.
The interplay between densification and positional ordering during the process of crystal nucleation is a greatly investigated topic. Even for the simplest colloidal model-hard spheres-there has been much debate regarding the potential foreshadowing of nucleation by significant fluctuations in either local density or local structure. Considering anisotropic particles instead of spheres adds a third degree of freedom to the self-organization process of crystal nucleation: orientational ordering.
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