Purpose: With spinal anesthesia, the patient remains awake and may hear different noises when undergoing orthopedic surgery, and these noises may lead to some discomfort. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of wearing soundproof headphones during orthopedic surgery under spinal anesthesia on the patients' physiological indices and duration of recovery.
Design: This was a randomized clinical trial with a control group.
Methods: The sample included 184 patients selected through convenience sampling, who were then randomly allocated to the control and intervention groups. Data were collected by observation and by filling out a researcher-made checklist. Soundproof headphones were placed on the patients' ears during surgery in the intervention group, while the patients in the control group underwent surgery with no headphones. Physiological indices were measured at five time points, and the patients' length of stay in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU) was also measured.
Findings: The mean changes in systolic and diastolic blood pressure were significantly lower in the intervention group (P < .02 and P < .005) at two of the time points. The mean changes in heart rate were also significantly lower in the intervention group (P < .003, P < .01) at four time points. The respiratory rate and oxygen saturation were both significantly higher in the intervention group (P < .001, P < .03, P < .002, P < .008) at four time points. The two groups also had significant differences (P = .004) in terms of the length of stay in the PACU, which was shorter in the intervention group.
Conclusions: Reducing the exposure to noise via soundproof headphones may improve patients' physiological indices in noisy orthopedic surgeries, and may also decrease their length of stay in the PACU. This method is recommended as an easy and applicable way to ameliorate the patients' experiences of this surgery.
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