[Psychological characteristics of working and non-working elderly people.].

A comparative analysis of the psychological characteristics of the working and non-working population in the context of personal employment, demand and quality life. The study was conducted with the participation of 51 women and 58 men, age 65,35±5,25 years. Randomization into two groups: the 1st group - 59 people of those continuing to work in the field of higher and vocational education; the 2nd group (50 people) consisted of non-working pensioners whose labor activity was related to teaching, taking care of their families, children and grandchildren, the circle of their social contacts is limited by the connections necessary to ensure life. An assessment was made of the orientation of the personality, the level of prevailing needs, the formation and strength of motives, the degree of adequacy of one's own attitude to various life situations, and the psycho-emotional state. It is shown that working pensioners have a higher indicator of the personality's orientation to the task and a low indicator of the personality's orientation to oneself. In the 1st group a stable psycho-emotional state was revealed for a number of functional indicators of a physical, role, social nature, significantly higher indicators of vitality and the physical component of health, they strive to maintain professionalism, financial freedom, and independence. In the 2nd group the desire to overcome social isolation, the desire to develop creativity in oneself prevails. In the 1st and 2nd groups, there were no differences in the levels of the motivational-need sphere. To expand the possibilities of the life potential of an elderly person, it is necessary to study the psychological characteristics older working and non-working population.