Photoactivated fluorophores (PAFs) are highly effective imaging tools that exhibit a removal of caging groups upon light excitation, resulting in the restoration of their bright fluorescence. This unique property allows for precise control over the spatiotemporal aspects of small molecule substances, making them indispensable for studying protein labeling and small molecule signaling within live cells. In this comprehensive review, we explore the historical background of this field and emphasize recent advancements based on various reaction mechanisms. Additionally, we discuss the structures and applications of the PAFs. We firmly believe that the development of more novel PAFs will provide powerful tools to dynamically investigate cells and expand the applications of these techniques into new domains.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d3an01994b | DOI Listing |
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl
January 2025
College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
Photocaging is an emerging protocol for precisely manipulating spatial and temporal behaviors over biological activity. However, the red/near-infrared light-triggered photolysis process of current photocage is largely singlet oxygen (O)-dependent and lack of compatibility with other reactive oxygen species (ROS)-activated techniques, which has proven to be the major bottleneck in achieving efficient and precise treatment. Herein, we reported a lactosylated photocage BT-LRC by covalently incorporating camptothecin (CPT) into hybrid BODIPY-TPE fluorophore via the superoxide anion radical (O ⋅)-cleavable thioketal bond for type I photodynamic therapy (PDT) and anticancer drug release.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTalanta
December 2024
School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, Anhui Province, 236037, China. Electronic address:
Carbon monoxide (CO), a significant gas transmitter, plays a vital role in the intricate functioning of living systems and is intimately linked to a variety of physiological and pathological processes. To comprehensively investigate CO within biological system, researchers have widely adopted CORM-3, a compound capable of releasing CO, which serves as a surrogate for CO. It aids in elucidating the physiological and pathological effects of CO within living organisms and can be employed as a therapeutic drug molecule.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Nano
July 2024
State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian 116024, China.
Super-resolution imaging, especially a single-molecule localization approach, has raised a fluorophore engineering revolution chasing sparse single-molecule dark-bright blinking transforms. Yet, it is a challenge to structurally devise fluorophores manipulating the single-molecule blinking kinetics. In this pursuit, we have developed a triggering strategy by innovatively integrating the photoactivatable nitroso-caging strategy into self-blinking sulfonamide to form a nitroso-caged sulfonamide rhodamine (NOSR).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChem Commun (Camb)
May 2024
Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, China.
Photocages, also known as photoactivated protective groups (PPGs), have been utilized to achieve controlled release of target molecules in a non-invasive and spatiotemporal manner. In the past decade, BODIPY fluorophores, a well-established class of fluorescent dyes, have emerged as a novel type of photoactivated protective group capable of efficiently releasing cargo species upon irradiation. This is due to their exceptional properties, including high molar absorption coefficients, resistance to photochemical and thermal degradation, multiple modification sites, favorable uncaging quantum yields, and highly adjustable spectral properties.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Exp Bot
September 2024
Institute for Developmental Genetics, Heinrich Heine University, Universitätstraße 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, North Rhine Westphalia, Germany.
Plant peptides communicate by binding to a large family of receptor-like kinases (RLKs), and they share a conserved binding mechanism, which may account for their promiscuous interaction with several RLKs. In order to understand the in vivo binding specificity of the CLAVATA3/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGION-RELATED peptide family in Arabidopsis, we have developed a novel set of CLAVATA3 (CLV3)-based peptide tools. After carefully evaluating the CLE peptide binding characteristics, using solid phase synthesis process, we modified the CLV3 peptide and attached a fluorophore and a photoactivable side group.
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