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Phytoplankton functional groups as indicators of environmental changes in weir and non-weir sections of the lower Nakdong River, Republic of Korea. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • The Nakdong River's water impoundment from 2009 to 2012 involved constructing eight weirs, prompting a study on how these structures affect phytoplankton populations.
  • Researchers examined the relationships between phytoplankton functional groups (PFGs) and various environmental factors, finding notable differences in dissolved oxygen, nutrients, and pollutants between the weir section (WS) and non-weir section (NWS).
  • Seventeen PFGs were identified, with groups L and P dominating in enriched conditions of the WS, indicating that these areas may influence phytoplankton communities downstream in the NWS, especially with potential toxic effects from group L.

Article Abstract

The Nakdong River underwent water impoundment after eight weirs were constructed as part of South Korea's Four Major River Restoration Project from 2009 to 2012. In this study, we aimed to confirm whether the assemblage of phytoplankton based on phytoplankton functional groups (PFGs) could indicate environmental changes in the weir section (WS) and non-weir section (NWS) of the lower Nakdong River after the construction of the weir. Thus, we examined the relationships between PFGs and gradients in environmental drivers, such as physicochemical, meteorological, and hydrological variables. Environmental gradients were observed between the WS and NWS in dissolved oxygen (DO), electric conductivity (EC), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), dissolved total nitrogen (DTN), dissolved total phosphorus (DTP), ammonia nitrogen (NH-N), nitrate nitrogen (NO-N), and phosphorus (PO-P), which were relatively higher in the WS. Seventeen PFGs were identified (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H1, J, L, L, MP, P, T, W1, X1, and X2). Additionally, the L and P groups, preferring an enriched lentic system more than other groups, were found to be the dominant PFGs that led the succession of assemblages. Traditional nutrients (N, P) and organic pollutants (BOD, COD) primarily affected the autochthonous growth of the most dominant PFGs in the WS as HRT (hydraulic retention time) increased. Furthermore, the hydrological variables associated with meteorological conditions have a synergistic effect on the composition of the major PFGs and chemical and physical variables in the WS. In other words, the WS may be a new source of inoculum that primarily determines the occurrence and maintenance of phytoplankton in the immediate downstream region (NWS). In particular, group L (mainly potentially toxic ) developing in the upper weir impoundment is transported downstream, resulting in a high inoculation effect on further growth in the NWS during the summer monsoon season.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10756969PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22966DOI Listing

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