AI Article Synopsis
- The ongoing Monkeypox virus outbreak primarily affects individuals living with HIV, and this study focuses on their immune response after receiving the JYNNEOS smallpox vaccine.
- The vaccine was administered safely via intradermal (i.d.) and subcutaneous (s.c.) methods, with i.d. vaccination showing better T-cell response and polyfunctionality.
- HIV-1-infected individuals with lower CD4 T-cell counts needed a booster shot for effective immune response, and the strength of their Th1 response was linked to their CD4 T-cell levels, highlighting the need for further research.
Article Abstract
People living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are the individuals most affected by the current Monkeypox virus outbreak that was first announced in May 2022. Here we report Pan-pox-specific T-cell responses in a cohort of HIV-1-infected individuals after receiving the nonreplicative, attenuated smallpox vaccine JYNNEOS from Bavarian Nordic. Intradermal (i.d.) and subcutaneous (s.c.) vaccination was safe without major side effects. Dose-sparing i.d. vaccination was superior to s.c. vaccination and promoted T-cell polyfunctionality, and the expression of the gut-homing marker α4β7 integrin on lymphocytes. HIV-1-infected individuals with CD4 T-cell counts ≤500/mm blood required at least a booster vaccination to exhibit efficient virus-specific T-cell responses. The magnitude of the Th1 response after this booster directly correlated with the CD4 T-cell count of the vaccinees. Further studies with a larger number of participants are warranted to confirm and expand our observations.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmv.29317 | DOI Listing |
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