Biochemical and molecular docking-based strategies of and extract by targeting bacterial strains and cancer proteins.

Antibiotic-resistant microbes have emerged around the world, presenting a risk to health. Plant-derived drugs have become a potential source for the production of antibiotic-resistant drugs and cancer therapies. In this study, we investigated the antibacterial, cytotoxic and antioxidant properties of and , and conducted molecular docking experiments against EGFR and VEGFR-2 proteins. The metabolic extract of inhibited and with inhibition zones of 21.66 ± 0.57 mm and 20.33 ± 0.57 mm, respectively. The leaf extract produced inhibition zones of 20.3333 ± 0.5773 mm and 20.33 ± 0.57 mm against and , respectively. and extracts had toxicities of 162.01 μg/ml and 175.6 μg/ml, respectively. Moreover, (IC =154.42 µg/ml) leaf extract exhibited moderately higher antioxidant activity compared with the (IC = 218.97 µg/ml) leaf extract. Multiple interactions were observed at Leu694, Met769 and Leu820 sites for EGFR and at Asp1046 and Cys1045 sites for VEGFR during the molecular docking study. CID-235030, CID-70825 and CID-156619353 had binding energies of -7.6 kJ/mol, -7.5 kJ/mol and -7.6 kJ/mol, respectively, with EGFR protein. VEGFR-2 protein had docking energies of -7.5 kJ/mol, -7.6 kJ/mol and -7.3 kJ/mol, respectively, for CID-6420353, CID-156619353 and CID-70825 compounds. The MD simulation trajectories revealed the hit compound; CID-235030 and EGFR complex, CID-6420353 and VEGFR-2 exhibit stable profile in the root mean square deviation (RMSD), radius of gyration (Rg), solvent accessible surface area (SASA), hydrogen bond and root mean square fluctuation (RMSF) and the binding free energy by MM-PBSA method. This study indicates that methanol extracts of and may play a crucial role in developing antibiotic-resistant and cancer drugs.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.