Endoscopic endonasal repair of temporal lobe meningoencephalocele in the lateral recess of the sphenoid sinus, complicated by intracerebral hematoma: illustrative case.

Background: Anomalies in the anatomical structure of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses often serve as a potential cause of spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage and may result in the development of a meningoencephalocele. In this report, the authors present a case of surgically treated intrasphenoidal meningoencephalocele attributed to the persistence of the lateral craniopharyngeal canal, which was further complicated by the occurrence of an intracerebral hematoma.

Observations: A temporal lobe meningoencephalocele located in the lateral recess of the sphenoid sinus was successfully managed using endoscopic endonasal transpterygoid repair (EETR). However, an intracerebral hematoma developed after resection of the meningoencephalocele, necessitating additional surgical interventions. Despite this complication, the patient exhibited a favorable clinical outcome after the surgical interventions.

Lessons: This case highlights the potential risk of intracerebral hematoma associated with EETR of a lateral sphenoid sinus meningoencephalocele. A thorough examination of magnetic resonance imaging scans, especially identifying vascular structures, is crucial during surgical planning. This knowledge can help to prevent the occurrence of complications, including intracerebral hematoma.