Post-transplant diabetes mellitus in Canadian liver and renal transplant recipients.

Post-transplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM) occurs in 10%-40% of liver and renal transplant recipients. Whether the risk factors for PTDM in liver and renal transplant recipients are similar and whether Indigenous Canadians, who have a high underlying prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM), are at increased risk of developing PTDM have yet to be determined. To describe and compare those variables associated with PTDM in adult Canadian liver and renal transplant recipients. A retrospective chart review of adult liver and renal transplant recipients attending four transplant follow-up clinics in three Canadian provinces was undertaken. PTDM was diagnosed in 184/905 (20.3%) liver and 179/390 (45.9%) renal transplant recipients. Older age, higher pre-transplant BMI, underlying immune-mediated liver disease, lower trough tacrolimus levels and longer duration of follow-up were independently associated with PTDM in liver transplant recipients and non-Caucasian race, higher pre-transplant BMI, and incidence of organ rejection in renal transplant recipients. Compared with Caucasians, Indigenous Canadians who had undergone renal transplantation had a significantly increased prevalence of PTDM (56.5% versus 40.0%, p = 0.035). The prevalence of PTDM in liver transplant recipients was similar in Indigenous Canadians and Caucasians (27.9% versus 20.1%, = 0.215). The variables associated with PTDM differ in liver and renal transplant recipients. Compared with Caucasians, Indigenous Canadians undergoing renal transplantation are at increased risk of developing PTDM.