AI Article Synopsis
- Natural killer T (NKT) cells are unique T cells that respond to specific glycolipid antigens and can influence the immune response by producing various cytokines.
- This review discusses the role of NKT cells in autoimmune hepatitis, examining both animal studies and limited human research, which indicates potential alterations in NKT cells related to the disease.
- The authors call for more clinical studies to clarify how NKT cells function in autoimmune hepatitis and explore their potential as a disease activity marker.
Article Abstract
Natural killer T (NKT) cells are unconventional T cells that are activated by glycolipid antigens. They can produce a variety of inflammatory and regulatory cytokines and, therefore, modulate multiple aspects of the immune response in different pathological settings, including autoimmunity. NKT cells have also been implicated in the immunopathogenesis of autoimmune hepatitis, and in this review we summarize and analyze the main studies investigating the involvement and/or homeostasis of NKT cells in this disease. In detail, the evidence from both basic and clinical research has been specifically analyzed. Even though the experimental murine models supported a relevant role of NKT cells in immune-mediated hepatic injury, very few studies specifically investigated NKT cell homeostasis in patients with autoimmune hepatitis; however, these initial studies reported some alterations of NKT cells in these patients, which may also correlate with the disease activity to some extent. Further clinical studies are needed to investigate the potential role and use of NKT cell analysis as a disease marker of clinical relevance, and to better understand the precise cellular and molecular mechanisms by which NKT cells contribute to the pathogenesis of autoimmune hepatitis.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10742140 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells12242854 | DOI Listing |
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