The photoantibacterial properties of titania nanoparticles (TiONPs) are attracting much interest, but the separation of their suspension limits their application. In this study, the encapsulation of commercial TiONPs within self-assembling tripeptide hydrogels to form hgel-TiONP composites with significant photoantibacterial properties is reported. The Fmoc-Phe hydrogelator was synthesized via an enzymatic method. The resulting composite was characterized with DLS, ζ-potential, SAXS, FESEM-EDS and rheological measurements. Two different concentrations of TiONPs were used. The results showed that, by increasing the TiONP quantity from 5 to 10 mg, the value of the elastic modulus doubled, while the swelling ratio decreased from 63.6 to 45.5%. The antimicrobial efficacy of hgel-TiONPs was tested against a laboratory () strain and two methicillin-resistant (MRSA) clinical isolates. Results highlighted a concentration-dependent superior antibacterial activity of hgel-TiONPs over TiONPs in the dark and after UV photoactivation. Notably, UV light exposure substantially increased the biocidal action of hgel-TiONPs compared to TiONPs. Surprisingly, in the absence of UV light, both composites significantly increased growth relative to control groups. These findings support the role of hgel-TiONPs as promising biocidal agents in clinical and sanitation contexts. However, they also signal concerns about TiONP exposure influencing virulence.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels9120940 | DOI Listing |
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