CO methanation has attracted considerable attention as a promising strategy for recycling CO and generating valuable methane. This study presents a niobium-doped CeO-supported Ni catalyst (Ni/NbCe), which demonstrates remarkable performance in terms of CO conversion and CH selectivity, even when operating at a low temperature of 250 °C. Structural analysis reveals the incorporation of Nb species into the CeO lattice, resulting in the formation of a Nb-Ce-O solid solution. Compared with the Ni/CeO catalyst, this solid solution demonstrates an improved spatial distribution. To comprehend the impact of the Nb-Ce-O solid solution on refining the electronic properties of the Ni-Ce interfacial sites, facilitating H activation, and accelerating the hydrogenation of CO* into HCOO*, in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) analysis and density functional theory (DFT) calculations were conducted. These investigations shed light on the mechanism through which the activity of CO methanation is enhanced, which differs from the commonly observed CO* pathway triggered by oxygen vacancies (O). Consequently, this study provides a comprehensive understanding of the intricate interplay between the electronic properties of the catalyst's active sites and the reaction pathway in CO methanation over Ni-based catalysts.
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