Cryo-EM single particle analysis has recently facilitated the high-resolution structural determination of numerous GPCR-G complexes. Diverse methodologies have been devised with this trend, and in the case of GPCR-G complexes, scFv16, an antibody that recognizes the intricate interface of the complex, has been mainly implemented to stabilize the complex. However, owing to their flexibility and heterogeneity, structural determinations of GPCR-G complexes remain both challenging and resource-intensive. By employing eGα, which exhibits binding affinity to modified nanobody Nb35, the cryo-EM structure of Rhodopsin-eGα complex was previously reported. Using this modified G protein, we determined the structure of the ET-eG complex bound to the modified Nb35. The determined structure of ET receptor was the same as the previously reported ET-G complex, and the resulting dataset demonstrated significantly improved anisotropy. This modified G protein will be utilized for the structural determination of other GPCR-G complexes.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.149361 | DOI Listing |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
November 2024
Materials and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125.
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) regulate multiple cellular responses and represent highly successful therapeutic targets. The mechanisms by which agonists activate the G protein are unclear for many GPCR families, including the bitter taste receptors (TAS2Rs). We ascertained TAS2R5 properties by live cell-based functional assays, direct binding affinity measurements using optical resonators, and atomistic molecular dynamics simulations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Psychiatry
October 2024
Discipline of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
For over seven decades, dopamine receptor 2 (D receptor) antagonists remained the mainstay treatment for neuropsychiatric disorders. Although it is effective for treating hyperdopaminergic symptoms, it is often ineffective for treating negative and cognitive deficits. Trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1) is a novel, pharmacological target in the treatment of schizophrenia and other neuropsychiatric conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHypertension
January 2025
Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine (O.P.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC.
Podocytes are specialized cells within the glomerular filtration barrier, which are crucial for maintaining glomerular structural integrity and convective ultrafiltration. Podocytes exhibit a unique arborized morphology with foot processes interfacing by slit diaphragms, ladder-like, multimolecular sieves, which provide size and charge selectivity for ultrafiltration and transmembrane signaling. Podocyte dysfunction, resulting from oxidative stress, dysregulated prosurvival signaling, or structural damage, can drive the development of proteinuria and glomerulosclerosis in hypertensive nephropathy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Adv
September 2024
Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.
The activation of a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) leads to the formation of a ternary complex between agonist, receptor, and G protein that is characterized by high-affinity binding. Allosteric modulators bind to a distinct binding site from the orthosteric agonist and can modulate both the affinity and the efficacy of orthosteric agonists. The influence allosteric modulators have on the high-affinity active state of the GPCR-G protein ternary complex is unknown due to limitations on attempting to characterize this interaction in recombinant whole cell or membrane-based assays.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiophys J
August 2024
Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri. Electronic address:
The activation of heterotrimeric G proteins through G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) is a ubiquitous signaling mechanism in eukaryotic biology. The three principal molecular components of this cascade are the GPCR, Gα subunit, and Gβγ subunit. Measurement of interactions between these components and their downstream effectors in live cells is paramount to understanding how cells fine-tune their physiology in response to many external stimuli.
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