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Pakistan's turtle species at risk of extinction.
Science
December 2023
School of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Hainan 570228, China.
A multi-country analysis of COVID-19 hospitalizations by vaccination status.
Med
November 2023
ISARIC, Pandemic Sciences Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Article Synopsis
- Vaccinated individuals can still experience severe COVID-19 requiring hospitalization, but it's unclear how they compare to unvaccinated patients in terms of symptoms, comorbidities, and outcomes.
- A study analyzed data from over 83,000 hospitalized COVID-19 patients globally, noting that unvaccinated patients reported more typical symptoms, while vaccinated patients had a higher prevalence of concerning comorbidities.
- The findings highlight the need for better healthcare resource allocation and future international studies to understand how vaccination impacts the clinical profiles of hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
Matrilineal phylogeny and habitat suitability of the endangered spotted pond turtle (; Testudines: Geoemydidae): a two-dimensional approach to forecasting future conservation consequences.
PeerJ
September 2023
Department of Marine Biology, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea.
Article Synopsis
- The spotted pond turtle is a threatened species found in Bangladesh, India, Nepal, and Pakistan, and researchers analyzed its mitogenome to understand its genetic structure and evolution.
- The study identified distinct mitochondrial features, including unique start codons and a specific control region structure, and found strong genetic support for its classification within the Batagurinae subfamily.
- Habitat analysis showed that only a small percentage of the turtle's range is suitable for survival, with projections indicating significant declines in suitable habitat due to climate change, highlighting the need for improved conservation strategies.
Characteristics and outcomes of an international cohort of 600 000 hospitalized patients with COVID-19.
Int J Epidemiol
April 2023
International Severe Acute Respiratory and emerging Infection Consortium (ISARIC) Global Support Centre, Pandemic Sciences Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Article Synopsis
- The study analyzed data from over 689,000 hospitalized COVID-19 patients across 52 countries from January 2020 to January 2022, examining demographic characteristics, symptoms, co-morbidities, and treatment outcomes.
- Key findings indicate that older age and male sex significantly increased the risk of death, with the hazard ratio for age being 1.49 per 10 years, while the case-fatality ratio averaged 21.5% and varied by country.
- The research highlights that age is the primary risk factor for mortality, with significant associations found for co-morbidities, smoking, and obesity, providing valuable insights for clinical strategies to address COVID-19.
An international observational study to assess the impact of the Omicron variant emergence on the clinical epidemiology of COVID-19 in hospitalised patients.
Elife
October 2022
ISARIC, Pandemic Sciences Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Background: Whilst timely clinical characterisation of infections caused by novel SARS-CoV-2 variants is necessary for evidence-based policy response, individual-level data on infecting variants are typically only available for a minority of patients and settings.
Methods: Here, we propose an innovative approach to study changes in COVID-19 hospital presentation and outcomes after the Omicron variant emergence using publicly available population-level data on variant relative frequency to infer SARS-CoV-2 variants likely responsible for clinical cases. We apply this method to data collected by a large international clinical consortium before and after the emergence of the Omicron variant in different countries.
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