Microbiota regulates life-cycle transition and nematocyte dynamics in jellyfish.

iScience

CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong 264003, China.

Published: December 2023

Jellyfish represent one of the most basal animal groups with complex life cycles. The polyp-to-medusa transition, termed strobilation, is the pivotal process that determines the switch in swimming behavior and jellyfish blooms. Their microbiota plays an essential role in strobilation. Here, we investigated microbiota-mediated host phenotype dynamics during strobilation in the jellyfish via antibiotic-induced microbiome alteration. Microbial depletion delayed the initiation of strobilation and resulted in fewer segments and ephyrae, which could be restored via microbial recolonization. Jellyfish-associated cyanobacteria, which were eliminated by antibiotics in the polyp stage, had the potential to supply retinal and trigger the retinoic acid signaling cascade, which drove the strobilation process. The microbiota regulated nematocyte development and differentiation, influencing the feeding and growth of the jellyfish. The findings improve our understanding of jellyfish-microbe interactions and provide new insights into the role of the microbiota in shaping feeding behavior through nematocyte dynamics.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10730743PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2023.108444DOI Listing

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