We study the diffusivity of a tagged particle in a binary mixture of Brownian particles with nonreciprocal interactions. Numerical simulations reveal that, for a broad class of interaction potentials, nonreciprocity can significantly increase the long-time diffusion coefficient of tracer particles and that this diffusion enhancement is associated with a breakdown of the Einstein relation. These observations are quantified and confirmed via two different and complementary analytical approaches: (i) a linearized stochastic density field theory, which is particularly accurate in the limit of soft interactions, and (ii) a reduced two-body description, which is exact at leading order in the density of particles. The latter reveals that diffusion enhancement can be attributed to the formation of transiently propelled dimers of particles, whose cohesion and speed are controlled by the nonreciprocal interactions.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.108.054606 | DOI Listing |
Sci Total Environ
January 2025
College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
Groundwater is one of the main sources of drinking water, thus, human enteric viruses in groundwater could pose safety risks. Many enteric viruses enter drinking water sources through irrigation or recharge of contaminated water. It is therefore advised to test the potential transport risk with harmless surrogates before wastewater or recycled water is used for irrigation or groundwater recharge.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSoft Matter
January 2025
Division of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, PO Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden.
Attempts to use colloid science concepts to better understand the dynamic properties of concentrated or crowded protein solutions are challenging due to the fact that globular proteins generally have heterogeneous surfaces that result in anisotropic or patchy contributions to their interaction potential. This is particularly difficult when targeting non-equilibrium transitions such as glass and gel formation in concentrated protein solutions. Here we report a systematic study of the reduced zero shear viscosity of the globular protein -crystallin, an eye lens protein that plays a vital role in vision-related phenomena such as cataract formation or presbyopia, and compare the results to the existing structural and dynamic data.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Chem Phys
January 2025
Institute for Applied Physics, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
We investigate the orientational properties of a homogeneous and inhomogeneous tetrahedral four-patch fluid (Bol-Kern-Frenkel model). Using integral equations, either (i) HNC or (ii) a modified HNC scheme with a simulation input, the full orientational dependence of pair and direct correlation functions is determined. Density functionals for the inhomogeneous problem are constructed via two different methods.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNucl Med Commun
February 2025
Department of Radiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute- Antoni van Leeuwenhoekziekenhuis, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Background: Small-molecule biomacromolecules target tumor-specific antigens. They are employed as theranostic agents for imaging and treatment. Intravenous small-molecule radioligands exhibit rapid tumor uptake and excretion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Adv
January 2025
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is an emerging imaging modality with exciting biomedical applications, such as cell tracking, blood pool imaging, and image-guided magnetic hyperthermia. MPI is unique in that signal is generated entirely by synthetic nanoparticle tracers, motivating precise engineering of magnetic nanoparticle properties including size, shape, composition, and coating to address the needs of specific applications. However, success in many applications and in clinical transition requires development of high-sensitivity and high-resolution tracers, for which there is considerable room for improvement.
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