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Integration of Apolipoprotein B into the SCORE2 Framework: Implications for Cardiovascular Risk Prediction.
Eur J Prev Cardiol
January 2025
Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
Aim: To evaluate whether integrating Apolipoprotein B (ApoB) into the SCORE2 cardiovascular risk prediction framework improves its predictive accuracy and clinical applicability within the UK Biobank population.
Method: A 10-year prospective cohort study was conducted with 448,303 UK Biobank participants eligible for SCORE2 calculation. Three approaches were employed: (1) threshold analysis to determine the optimal ApoB cutoff for cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk prediction using Youden's Index, (2) assessment of the synergistic effect of SCORE2 and ApoB through concordant and discordant classifications, and (3) recalibration of the SCORE2 model by incorporating ApoB as an additional predictor.
Surgery camp for Colostomy reversals at a referral hospital in Lilongwe, Malawi.
Malawi Med J
January 2025
Access Health Africa.
Aim: An end colostomy is a potentially life-saving surgical intervention, but postoperative ostomy management is challenging in resource-limited settings. Socioeconomic, health system, and surgical capacity barriers may delay colostomy reversal. A surgery camp model for addressing the burden of unreversed colostomies has not previously been undertaken in Malawi.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWhy the Delay? A Quality Improvement Initiative for Delayed Cord Clamping in Preterm Infants.
J Paediatr Child Health
January 2025
Department of Paediatrics, Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.
Aim: To improve delayed cord clamping (DCC) rates for preterm infants (≤ 34 + 0 weeks' gestation) and establish DCC as standard practice using quality improvement (QI) methods.
Methods: A multi-departmental initiative was undertaken. An audit of DCC for preterm infants born at or before 34 + 0 weeks was performed.
Design and maintenance of medical oxygen concentrators in Sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review.
BMC Health Serv Res
January 2025
Department of Engineering, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Via Alvaro del Portillo 21, Rome, 00128, Italy.
Background: Oxygen therapy is critical and vital treatment for hypoxemia and respiratory distress, however, access to reliable oxygen systems remains limited in SSA. Despite WHO initiatives that distributed over 30,000 OC oxygen concentrators worldwide, SSA faces significant challenges related to their maintenance and use, due to harsh environmental conditions, technical skill shortages and inadequate infrastructure. This review aims to systematically identify and assess the literature on OC design adaptations, maintenance challenges, and knowledge gaps in SSA, providing actionable recommendations to inform innovative and context-sensitive solutions to improve healthcare delivery in the region.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBrain drain in Emergency Medicine in Lebanon, building locally and exporting globally.
BMC Med Educ
January 2025
Department of Emergency Medicine, American University of Beirut, P.O.Box 11-0236, Riad El-Solh, Beirut, 1107 2020, Lebanon.
Objective: Despite the growth of Emergency Medicine (EM) globally, shortages of EM-trained physicians persist in many countries, disproportionately affecting lower middle/low-income countries (LMIC/LIC). This study examines the career paths of graduates of an Emergency Medicine residency-training program established in Lebanon with the aim of building local capacity in EM.
Design And Patients: This descriptive study utilizes secondary data sourced from an alumni database that includes nine cohorts of graduates from an Emergency Medicine residency program at the American University of Beirut Medical Center in Lebanon.
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