Potential nephroprotective effects of angiotensin II type 2 receptor agonist Compound 21 in renal ischemia-reperfusion injury.

This study examined the reno-protective potential of Compound 21 during renal ischemia-reperfusion injury by regulating the PI3K expression. 20 adult male Swiss-albino mice, aged 8-12 weeks and weighing 20-30g, were randomly assigned to four equal groups: sham, control, vehicle, and Compound 21. Serum urea, creatinine, inflammatory mediators, tissue 8-isoprostane, and myeloperoxidase were quantified using ELISA. Compared to the sham group, blood levels of urea, creatinine, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 were significantly higher in the ischemia-reperfusion group than in the sham group (p<0.05). However, these indicators were significantly lower in the Compound 21 group (p<0.05). Histological analysis revealed significant renal tissue damage in the ischemia-reperfusion group (p<0.05), which was significantly reduced in the Compound 21 group (p<0.05). PCR results showed that PI3K expression was significantly lower (p<0.05) in the control group compared to the sham group but significantly higher in the Compound 21 group (p<0.05). Furthermore, P-AKT expression levels in the control group were considerably lower than in the sham group (p<0.05). On the other hand, the level of P-AKT expression in the Compound 21 group was significantly upregulated compared to the control group (p<0.05). The findings revealed that Compound 21 could mitigate renal dysfunction induced by ischemia-reperfusion injury in male mice through modulation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, resulting in decreased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and renal oxidative stress markers.