Childhood absence epilepsy (CAE) is a generalized pediatric epilepsy, which is generally considered to be a benign condition since most children become seizure-free before reaching adulthood. However, cognitive deficits and changes of brain morphological have been previously reported in CAE. These morphological changes, even if they might be very subtle, are not independent due to the underlying network structure and can be captured by the structural covariance network (SCN). In this study, SCNs were used to quantify the structural brain network for children with CAE as well as controls. Seventeen children with CAE (6-12y) and fifteen controls (6-12y) were included. To estimate the SCN, T1-weighted images were acquired and parcellated into 68 cortical regions. Graph measures characterizing the core network architecture, i.e. the assortativity and rich-club coefficient, were calculated for all individuals. Multivariable linear regression models, including age and sex as covariates, were used to assess differences between children with CAE and controls. Additionally, potential relations between the core network and cognitive performance was investigated. A lower assortativity (i.e. less efficiently organized core network organization) was found for children with CAE compared to controls. Moreover, better cognitive performance was found to relate to stronger assortative mixing pattern (i.e. more efficient core network structure). Rich-club coefficients did not differ between groups, nor relate to cognitions. The core network organization of the SCN in children with CAE tend to be less efficient organized compared to controls, and relates to cognitive performance, and therefore this study provides novel insights into the SCN organization in relation to CAE and cognition.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22657 | DOI Listing |
Neural Netw
December 2024
College of Computer Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China. Electronic address:
Currently, for obtaining more accurate counts, existing methods primarily utilize RGB images combined with features of complementary modality (X-modality) for counting. However, designing a model that can adapt to various sensors is still an unsolved issue due to the differences in features between different modalities. Therefore, this paper proposes a unified fusion framework called CMFX for RGB-X crowd counting.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlant Physiol
December 2024
Departamento de Genética Molecular de Plantas, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid 28049, Spain.
The number and distribution of trichomes, i.e., the trichome pattern, in different plant organs shows a conspicuous inter- and intraspecific diversity across Angiosperms that is presumably involved in adaptation to numerous environmental factors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Autism
December 2024
Department of Neurosciences, Center for Developmental Psychiatry, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Background: Difficulties with (non-verbal) social communication, including facial expression processing, constitute a hallmark of autism. Intranasal administration of oxytocin has been considered a potential therapeutic option for improving social difficulties in autism, either by enhancing the salience of social cues or by reducing the social stress and anxiety experienced in social encounters.
Methods: We recorded fMRI brain activity while presenting neutral, fearful and scrambled faces, to compare the neural face processing signature of autistic children (n = 58) with that of matched non-autistic controls (n = 38).
J Formos Med Assoc
December 2024
Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, 100225, Taiwan. Electronic address:
Background: Surgical smoke generated by energy devices poses health risks to medical staff. During laparoscopic surgery, the smoke aggregating around the camera obstructs the visual field, forcing surgeons to interrupt surgery, and may increase surgical risk. We propose a proximal smoke evacuation method to improve surgical quality by effectively eliminating surgical smoke.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging
December 2024
University of Arizona, SEMA Lab, Center for Consciousness Studies, Tuscon, AZ; Sanmai Technologies, PBC, Sunnyvale, CA.
Mindfulness has gained widespread recognition for its benefits to mental health, cognitive performance, and wellbeing. However, the multifaceted nature of mindfulness, encompassing elements like attentional focus, emotional regulation, and present-moment awareness, complicates its definition and measurement. A key component that may underlie its broad benefits is equanimity - the ability to maintain an open and non-reactive attitude toward all sensory experiences.
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