Involvement of CKS1B in the anti-inflammatory effects of cannabidiol in experimental stroke models.

We have previously demonstrated that treatment with cannabidiol (CBD) ameliorates mitochondrial dysfunction and attenuates neuronal injury in rats following cerebral ischemia. However, the role of CBD in the progression of ischemic stroke-induced inflammation and the molecules involved remain unclear. Here, we found that CBD suppressed the production of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), reduced the activation of microglia, ameliorated mitochondrial deficits, and decreased the phosphorylation of nuclear factor κ-B (NF-κB) in BV-2 cells subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R). Cyclin-dependent kinase regulatory subunit 1B (CKS1B) expression was decreased in BV-2 cells following OGD/R and this reduction was blocked by treatment with CBD. Knockdown of CKS1B increased the activation of microglia and enhanced the production of IL-1β and TNF-α in BV-2 cells treated with CBD. Moreover, CKS1B knockdown exacerbated mitochondrial deficits and increased NF-κB phosphorylation. CBD treatment also ameliorated brain injury, reduced neuroinflammation, and enhanced the protein levels of mitochondrial transcription factor A and CKS1B in rats following middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion. These data identify CKS1B as a novel regulator of neuroinflammation; and reveals its involvement in the anti-inflammatory effects of CBD. Interventions targeting CKS1B expression are potentially promising for treating in ischemic stroke.