Complex topographies exhibit universal properties when fluvial erosion dominates landscape evolution over other geomorphological processes. Similarly, we show that the solutions of a minimalist landscape evolution model display invariant behavior as the impact of soil diffusion diminishes compared to fluvial erosion at the landscape scale, yielding complete self-similarity with respect to a dimensionless channelization index. Approaching its zero limit, soil diffusion becomes confined to a region of vanishing area and large concavity or convexity, corresponding to the locus of the ridge and valley network. We demonstrate these results using one dimensional analytical solutions and two dimensional numerical simulations, supported by real-world topographic observations. Our findings on the landscape self-similarity and the localized diffusion resemble the self-similarity of turbulent flows and the role of viscous dissipation. Topographic singularities in the vanishing diffusion limit are suggestive of shock waves and singularities observed in nonlinear complex systems.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10743365 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2302401120 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Preparation and characterization of oleo-gum-resin-loaded electrospun nanofibers and evaluating its wound healing activity in two rat models of skin scar and burn wound.
Front Pharmacol
November 2024
Departamento de Ciencias del Ambiente, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Background: A growing body of research is dedicated to developing new therapeutic agents for wound healing with fewer adverse effects. One of the proceedings being taken today in wound healing research is to identify promising biological materials that not only heal wounds but also vanish scarring. The effectiveness of nanofibers like polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), in improving wound healing can be related to their unique properties.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStudy on additional stress diffusion characteristics of waste tire artificial foundation.
Environ Technol
November 2024
School of Civil Engineering, Shenyang Jianzhu University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China.
Article Synopsis
- The study examines how stress diffuses in artificial foundations, crucial for understanding how the foundation and the soil beneath work together during deformation.
- Through plate loading tests, researchers measured soil pressure and plotted P-S curves to explain the failure mechanisms of these artificial foundations.
- Results showed that increased rubber content significantly impacts stress diffusion, improving the bearing capacity of artificial foundations and revealing that underlying layer sliding is a common failure mode in double-layer systems.
Travelling Waves in a PDE-ODE Coupled Model of Cellulolytic Biofilms with Nonlinear Diffusion.
J Dyn Differ Equ
January 2023
Department of Mathematical Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, USA.
We analyze travelling wave (TW) solutions for nonlinear systems consisting of an ODE coupled to a degenerate PDE with a diffusion coefficient that vanishes as the solution tends to zero and blows up as it approaches its maximum value. Stable TW solutions for such systems have previously been observed numerically as well as in biological experiments on the growth of cellulolytic biofilms. In this work, we provide an analytical justification for these observations and prove existence and stability results for TW solutions of such models.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDynamics of phase separation of metastable crystal surfaces by surface diffusion: A phase-field study.
Phys Rev E
September 2024
Laboratoire de Physique de la Matière Condensée, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91120 Palaiseau, France.
Article Synopsis
- - A new phase-field model is developed to study surface diffusion in crystals with uneven surface energy, showing it can simplify to a sharp-interface equation when the interface width is very small.
- - The model reveals that when a metastable crystal surface evolves, the process of nucleation and growth can create new surface domains that lead to a more structured hill-and-valley shape, differing from the random patterns seen in typical thermal nucleation.
- - The study also finds specific growth patterns during coarsening, including a characteristic length scale that grows over time following a scaling law and a junction density that decreases in a predictable manner, highlighting how induced nucleation affects phase separation in crystals.
SARS-CoV-2 natural infection, but not vaccine-induced immunity, elicits cross-reactive immunity to OC43.
Heliyon
October 2024
Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Article Synopsis
- The study examined the relationship between immunity to SARS-CoV-2 and protection against OC43, a common coronavirus that causes mild respiratory symptoms, to see if vaccination or infection offered any shield against re-infection.
- It involved neutralization assays using samples from individuals who were vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2 and those who had been both infected by and vaccinated against the virus, assessing immune responses at different intervals post-vaccination or post-infection.
- Results indicated that while vaccination enhanced immunity to SARS-CoV-2, it did not provide protection against OC43, whereas natural infection significantly boosted cross-reactive immunity to both viruses, although this effect diminished over time.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!