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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jmcb/mjad073 | DOI Listing |
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Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
Background: Anti-amyloid-β (Aβ) immunotherapy trials have shown amyloid-related imaging abnormalities (ARIA) as the most common and serious adverse events linked to pathological changes in cerebral vasculature. Nevertheless, the mechanisms underlying how amyloid immunotherapy triggers vascular damage, increases vascular permeability, and results in microhemorrhages remains unclear. Notably, activation of perivascular macrophages and infiltration of peripheral immune cells have been implicated in regulating cerebrovascular damage.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStructural insights into the regulation of monomeric and dimeric apelin receptor.
Nat Commun
January 2025
iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China.
The apelin receptor (APJR) emerges as a promising drug target for cardiovascular health and muscle regeneration. While prior research unveiled the structural versatility of APJR in coupling to Gi proteins as a monomer or dimer, the dynamic regulation within the APJR dimer during activation remains poorly understood. In this study, we present the structures of the APJR dimer and monomer complexed with its endogenous ligand apelin-13.
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Cardiovasc Res
December 2024
Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Oxidation of lipids, excessive cell death and iron deposition are prominent features of human atherosclerotic plaques. While extensive research has established the detrimental roles of lipid oxidation and apoptosis in atherosclerosis development, the involvement of iron in atherogenesis is not yet fully understood. With the emergence of an iron-dependent form of cell death termed ferroptosis, new attention has been brought to the complex interplay among iron, ferroptosis and atherosclerosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMolecular and biological characterization of transforming growth factor-β homolog derived from Trichinella spiralis.
Sci Rep
December 2024
Department of Helminthology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
The cytokine homologs, particularly transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, is a crucial immunomodulatory molecule and involved in growth and developmental processes in several helminths. In this study, the basic properties and functions of T. spiralis TGF-β homolog 2 (TsTGH2) were characterized using bioinformatics and molecular biology approaches.
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Sci Rep
December 2024
Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, #467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, Liaoning, China.
Sodium-glucose co-transport protein 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, a novel category of oral hypoglycemic agents, offer a promising outlook for individuals experiencing heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. Evidence is emerging that highlights their potential in alleviating myocardial fibrosis and oxidative stress. However, the precise mechanisms through which SGLT2 inhibitors influence myocardial fibrosis induced by angiotensin II (Ang II) or transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) are not fully understood.
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