Introduction: This systematic review and meta-analysis study investigates the efficacy of repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), and deep brain stimulation (DBS) using neuropsychological assessments as a potential treatment option for Alzheimer's disease (AD).
Methods: PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched for studies on rTMS, tDCS, and DBS for the treatment of patients with AD between April 1970 and October 2022. The mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and AD Assessment Scale - Cognitive Subscale (ADAS-Cog) were adopted as the efficacy index.
Results: The analysis yielded 17 eligible studies. rTMS greatly improved the cognition of patients with AD (immediate post-treatment WMD of MMSE score: 2.06, < 0.00001; short-term follow-up WMD of MMSE score: 2.12, = 0.006; WMD of ADAS-Cog score in single-arm studies: -4.97, = 0.001). DBS did not reverse the progression of cognitive decline (WMD of ADAS-Cog score in single-arm studies: 7.40, < 0.00001). Furthermore, tDCS demonstrated no significant efficacy in improving cognition in random clinical trials or single-arm studies.
Conclusion: rTMS is a promising non-medicinal alternative for cognitive improvement inpatients with AD.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14737175.2023.2293225 | DOI Listing |
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