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Hospitalization costs and out-of-pocket (OOP) payment in lung cancer patients in Iran: Health Sector Evolution Plan (HSEP) has reduced OOP payments and improved financial protection.
PLoS One
December 2024
Department of Health Economics and Management, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Background And Objective: In Iran, Health Sector Evolution Plan, the most significant reform in the healthcare system in recent decades, has been launched since 2014 with the objective of achieving universal health coverage, decreasing out-of-pocket health expenditures and improving access to health services in hospitals and clinics affiliated to the Ministry of Health and Medical Education (MOHME). This study aimed to estimate the hospitalization costs of lung cancer and the impact of HSEP on hospitalization costs of lung cancer and patients' contribution in Iran between 2010 and 2017.
Methods: This was a prevalence-based cost of illness study with a bottom-up costing approach.
Mechanism and function of CEACAM1 splice isoforms.
Eur J Clin Invest
December 2024
Department of Surgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Background: Alternative splicing is a fundamental mechanism in the post-transcriptional regulation of genes. The multifunctional transmembrane glycoprotein receptor carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1) undergoes extensive alternative splicing to allow for tunable functions in cell signalling, adhesion and modulation of immune and metabolic responses. Splice isoforms that differ in their ectodomain and short or long cytoplasmic tail (CEACAM1-S/CEACAM1-L) have distinct functional roles.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBearing fault detection plays a crucial role in ensuring machinery reliability and safety. However, the existing bearing-fault-detection sensors are commonly too large to be embedded in narrow areas of bearings and too vulnerable to work in complex environment. Here, we demonstrate an approach to distinguish the presence of race faults in bearings and their types by using an optomechanical micro-resonator.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF"If government is saying the regulations are important, they should be putting in funding to back it up."- An in-depth analysis of local authority officers' perspectives of the Food (Promotion and Placement) (England) Regulations 2021.
BMC Med
November 2024
Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK.
Background: As part of the UK government's obesity strategy, the Food (Promotion and Placement) (England) Regulations 2021 were implemented in October 2022 to restrict the prominent placement of products high in fat, sugar, or salt (HFSS) in most retail settings. Local authority (LA) officers have been tasked with enforcement of these regulations. This qualitative study examined the perspectives of LA officers including, trading standards, environmental health, and public health officers to understand enforcement approaches and requirements to optimise business compliance with the regulations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBarriers to Communication in Undergraduate Medical Education: Perspectives of Students From Karnataka, India.
Cureus
September 2024
Physiology, Yenepoya Medical College, Mangaluru, IND.
Background Communication barriers in medical education can impede learning. Understanding these barriers from students' perspectives is crucial for developing effective solutions. The objectives of this study were to identify the barriers to communication in undergraduate medical education and their solutions from students' perspectives as well as to determine the demographic factors associated with these barriers.
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