AI Article Synopsis
- Multiple myeloma (MM) weakens both cellular and humoral immunity, making it important to predict how well patients will respond to the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine to help prevent COVID-19 during the pandemic.
- A study of 83 patients with MM found that only 48.2% developed antibodies after vaccination, compared to 100% of healthy controls, highlighting the challenge vaccine response presents for this population.
- The study identified a serum IgM level of greater than 18 mg/dL as the best predictor for a positive vaccine response and suggested that measuring non-M-protein Ig levels could be useful for assessing the ability to produce neutralizing antibodies.
Article Abstract
Multiple myeloma reduces cellular and humoral immunity. Optimal prediction of antibody response to anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine in patients with MM and related disorders is essential to prevent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. This study analyzed the humoral response to the anti-SARS-CoV-2 messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) vaccine and its associated factor in 83 patients from June to November 2021 at seven member institutions of the Kyoto Clinical Hematology Study Group. SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody (nAb) was measured from 12 to 210 days. The result revealed that 40 (48.2%) patients with MM and 59 (100%) healthy controls became seropositive after vaccination. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis identified serum immunoglobulin (Ig) M of > 18 mg/dL at vaccination as the optimal threshold level associated with seropositivity in the whole cohort. Moreover, the multivariate analysis identified serum IgM of > 18 mg/dL as the independent predictor for a favorable response. Serum IgA level was positively associated with vaccine response in a sub-cohort. Our findings indicate a significant association between immunoparesis and impaired humoral response against mRNA vaccination, including that against SARS-CoV-2, and that serum non-M-protein Ig levels can serve as surrogate biomarkers of nAb production ability.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12185-023-03680-1 | DOI Listing |
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- * A case study is presented of a melanoma patient who developed fatal myasthenia gravis after receiving the inactivated Sinopharm COVID-19 vaccine along with pembrolizumab, highlighting safety concerns and the need for further research on vaccines and irAEs in ICI-treated patients.
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