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ESR Essentials: how to get to valuable radiology AI: the role of early health technology assessment-practice recommendations by the European Society of Medical Imaging Informatics.
Eur Radiol
December 2024
Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
AI tools in radiology are revolutionising the diagnosis, evaluation, and management of patients. However, there is a major gap between the large number of developed AI tools and those translated into daily clinical practice, which can be primarily attributed to limited usefulness and trust in current AI tools. Instead of technically driven development, little effort has been put into value-based development to ensure AI tools will have a clinically relevant impact on patient care.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA platform for multimodal pooled genetic screens reveals regulators of liver function.
bioRxiv
November 2024
Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA.
Organ function requires coordinated activities of thousands of genes in distinct, spatially organized cell types. Understanding the basis of emergent tissue function requires approaches to dissect the genetic control of diverse cellular and tissue phenotypes . Here, we develop paired imaging and sequencing methods to construct large-scale, multi-modal genotype-phenotypes maps in tissue with pooled genetic perturbations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDominant-negative mutations potentiated by the HSF1-regulated proteostasis network.
bioRxiv
November 2024
Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Protein mutational landscapes are sculpted by the impacts of the resulting amino acid substitutions on the protein's stability and folding or aggregation kinetics. These properties can, in turn, be modulated by the composition and activities of the cellular proteostasis network. Heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) is the master regulator of the cytosolic and nuclear proteostasis networks, dynamically tuning the expression of cytosolic and nuclear chaperones and quality control factors to meet demand.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF"If government is saying the regulations are important, they should be putting in funding to back it up."- An in-depth analysis of local authority officers' perspectives of the Food (Promotion and Placement) (England) Regulations 2021.
BMC Med
November 2024
Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK.
Background: As part of the UK government's obesity strategy, the Food (Promotion and Placement) (England) Regulations 2021 were implemented in October 2022 to restrict the prominent placement of products high in fat, sugar, or salt (HFSS) in most retail settings. Local authority (LA) officers have been tasked with enforcement of these regulations. This qualitative study examined the perspectives of LA officers including, trading standards, environmental health, and public health officers to understand enforcement approaches and requirements to optimise business compliance with the regulations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhenotypic evaluation of deep learning models for classifying germline variant pathogenicity.
NPJ Precis Oncol
October 2024
Division of Health Policy, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Deep learning models for predicting variant pathogenicity have not been thoroughly evaluated on real-world clinical phenotypes. Here, we apply state-of-the-art pathogenicity prediction models to hereditary breast cancer gene variants in UK Biobank participants. Model predictions for missense variants in BRCA1, BRCA2 and PALB2, but not ATM and CHEK2, were associated with breast cancer risk.
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