Genomic analyses of respiratory isolates indicates two evolutionarily distinct clades.

Introduction: The complex (BCC) encompasses a group of at least 22 genetically distinct gram-negatives bacterial species ubiquitous in nature. Recognised as a group of genetically and phenotypically flexible species, the BCC inhabits diverse ecological niches causing both plant and human diseases. Comparative genomic analysis provides an in depth understanding into the population biology, phylogenetic relationship, and genomic architecture of species.

Methods: Here, we genomically characterise isolated from patients with chronic lung infections, an understudied pathogen within the complex.

Results: We demonstrate that is polyphyletic and constitutes two distinct evolutionary lineages. Core- and pan-genome analyses demonstrated substantial metabolic diversity, with Clade I enriched in genes associated with microbial metabolism in diverse environments, including degradation of aromatic compounds and metabolism of xenobiotics, while Clade II demonstrated an enhanced capability for siderophore biosynthesis.

Discussion: Based on our phylogenetic and comparative genomic analyses, we suggest stratifying to recognise a distinct species harbouring increased potential for iron metabolism via siderophore synthesis, for which we propose the name (sp. nov.).